OCT及OCTA在阿尔茨海默病诊断中的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病是一种进行性且不可逆转的神经系统疾病,由于视网膜和中枢神经系统有相似的胚胎起源和生理特征,眼科检查可提供简单无创的诊断方法。光学相干断层扫描技术(OCT)能够精确地测量视网膜各个组织层面的厚度,以评估视网膜的退行性改变,光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)可以提供高分辨率三维成像,从而更直观地检测视网膜血管的变化,间接地反映脑神经元和血管的病理特征。就OCT测量视网膜厚度及OCTA测量视网膜血流变化在阿尔茨海默病诊断中的研究进展进行综述。

Research progress of optical coherence tomography and angiography in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive and irreversible neurological disease characterized by changes in neurons and blood vessels of the brain. Its etiology is unknown, and there is no feasible non-invasive technique for early diagnosis. Because the retina and the central nervous system have similar embryonic origins and physiological characteristics, an ophthalmic examination may provide a simple and non-invasive diagnostic method. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)can accurately measure the thickness of various tissue layers of the retina to assess degenerative changes of the retina. Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)can provide high-resolution three-dimensional imaging, which can more directly detect the changes in retinal vessels and reflect the pathological characteristics of brain neurons and blood vessels noninvasively. This article mainly reviews the research progress of retinal thickness measured by means of OCT and retinal blood flow measured using OCTA in the diagnosis of AD.