肌萎缩侧索硬化症MRI研究进展

肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)是一种以上、下运动神经元受累为主要特征的慢性进行性神经系统变性性疾病。下运动神经元功能障碍可经肌电图和肌肉活检证实，而上运动神经元受累尤其在早期难以检测。常规MRI和功能MRI技术如扩散张量成像（DTI）、磁共振波谱（MRS）和静息态功能MRI（rs-fMRI）等，可以检测ALS 运动区及非运动区变化，对疾病的早期诊断和监测有一定作用。就MRI技术及其在ALS中的应用进行综述。

Progress of MRI study on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease characterized by chronic progressive degeneration of upper motor neurons (UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN). While LMN dysfunction can be confirmed by electromyography and muscle biopsy, UMN involvement is difficult to detect, particularly in the early phase. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging and functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging, MR spectroscopy, and resting-state functional MRI，can detect the changes of the motor and non-motor regions of ALS and may have a role in the early diagnosis and monitoring the disease. This article provides an overview of these magnetic resonance imaging techniques and their applications in ALS.