纳米粒给药系统逆转肿瘤多药耐药性的研究进展

多药耐药是导致肿瘤化疗失败的主要原因。对于大多数抗肿瘤药物，肿瘤细胞均会产生多药耐药现象, 但其耐药机制，目前没有统一的看法。本文对纳米粒给药系统逆转肿瘤多药耐药性进行了综述, 包括3种载药系统: 非修饰的、配体修饰的和多功能纳米粒给药系统，并对纳米粒给药系统逆转肿瘤多药耐药性的机制进行探讨。纳米粒通过拮抗和抵消肿瘤细胞主动外排药物的作用，提高肿瘤细胞内的药物浓度，同时减小对正常细胞的毒副作用, 逆转肿瘤的多药耐药性。这种新型的给药系统，结合了纳米技术及主动和被动靶向给药策略，在癌症治疗方面已显示出巨大的应用前景。  

Progress in the study of drug delivery system based on nanoparticles to overcome multi-drug resistance

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells is a major cause of failure in chemotherapy. To the majority of anti-cancer drugs, tumor cells are able to generate a multi-drug resistance; but there is no common views on the mechanism of MDR. This review summarizes the use of drug delivery system based on nanoparticles to overcome MDR in recent years. Three kinds including non-modified, ligand-modified and multifunctional drug delivery systems are described. Especially, the mechanism of reversing MDR based on nanoparticles is covered. Through efficiently offsetting and antagonizing the action of pumping drugs out of the tumor cells, drug delivery system based on nanoparticles can increase the concentration of the drug in tumors, while reduce the side effects on normal cells and overcome multi-drug resistance. The use of drug-loaded nanoparticles, which combines nanotechnology with the strategy of active and passive targeting administration, has shown significant prospect improving cancer therapy.