乌拉尔甘草中皂甙的研究

自乌拉尔甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)的根茎中共分离出三个皂甙类化合物,经化学方法和光谱解析,鉴定1为3β-羟基-11-氧化-齐墩果-12-烯-30-羧酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸基(1—2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,命名为乌拉尔甘草皂甙甲(ura1saponin A)。Ⅱ为3β-羟基-11-氧化-齐墩果-12-烯-30-羧酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸基(1-3)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,命名为乌拉尔甘草皂甙乙(uralsaponin B)。Ⅰ,Ⅱ均未见文献报道。Ⅲ为已知甘草酸。本文报道两个新甙的结构鉴定。

STUDIES ON THE SAPONINS FROM THE ROOT OF GLYCYRRHIZA URALENSIS FISCH

This paper reports the isolation and determination of three triterpene glucosides named uralsaponin A(Ⅰ), uralsaponin B(Ⅱ) and glycyrrhizin (Ⅲ) from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Their chemical structures were elucidated by means of chemical and spectrometric analysis (UV, IR, MS, ¹H-HMR and ¹³CNMR).Uralsaponin A(Ⅰ), C₄₂H₆₂O₁₆, was obtained as granular white crystals, mp235℃ (d.), α]_D¹⁸+42.7(c,0.45,90%MeOH),Its structure was found to be 3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-olean-12-en-30-oic acid-3-0-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl- (1-2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside(Ⅰ).Uraisaponin B(Ⅱ),C₄₂H₆₂O₁₆,was obtained as white, granular white crystals, mp 244℃ (d.),(d.), α]_D¹⁸+31.0(c,0.29,90%MeOH), Its structure was found to be 3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-olean-12-en-30-oic acid-3-0-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-3)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside(Ⅱ).Uralsaponin A(Ⅰ) and Uralsaponin B(Ⅱ) are all new triterpenoid saponins. The known saponin was identified to be 3β-hydroxy-11-oxo-olean-12-en- 30-oic acid-3-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl- (1-2) -α-D-glucuronopyranoside, Glycyrrhizin (Ⅲ).