十二味穿甲片原料抗大鼠高脂性脂肪肝的作用

目的：探讨十二味穿甲片对高脂性大鼠脂肪肝模型的防治作用。方法：将SD鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、十二味穿甲片原料2.8，1.4，0.7 g·kg^-1剂量组和阳性对照组。除空白对照组灌胃（ig）生理盐水外，其余各组大鼠灌胃脂肪乳剂，每日早上9：00给予1次、连续5周，建立高脂性脂肪肝大鼠模型。造模同时灌胃给药（供试药采用十二味穿甲片的原料浸膏粉），每日下午16：00给予1次，5周后称取体质量、肝湿重，计算肝指数，检测大鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、甘油三脂（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）含量，镜下观察各组大鼠肝组织形态学变化。结果：与空白对照组比较，模型对照组大鼠血清TC、TG和肝湿重显著增加，肝指数上升，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05或0.01）；血清ALT、AST明显升高，但无统计学意义（P>0.05）；镜下观肝小叶细胞内弥漫性密集细小的脂滴空泡。与模型对照组比较，十二味穿甲片原料2.8，1.4，0.7 g·kg^-1剂量组肝湿重、肝指数，以及血清TC、TG、ALT均有下降，其中十二味穿甲片原料0.7 g·kg^-1剂量组肝指数差异显著（P<0.05）、十二味穿甲片原料各剂量组血清TC，以及1.4，0.7 g·kg^-1剂量组血清TG差异显著（P<0.05或0.01）；镜下观十二味穿甲片原料2.8，1.4 g·kg^-1剂量组大鼠肝细胞索排列整齐，肝窦清晰可见，细胞质内脂滴消失，肝细胞结构正常，较模型对照组显著改善，十二味穿甲片原料0.7 g·kg^-1剂量组肝脂肪变性与模型对照组比无明显改善。结论：十二味穿甲片原料具有良好的抗高脂性脂肪肝作用，并呈现一定的量效关系。

Effects of Shierweichuanjia tablets on hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Shierweichuanjia tablets on the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats.METHODS The SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), model control group, positive control group, 3 different dose Shierweichuanjia tablet group (2.8, 1.4, 0.7 g·kg^-1). Rats in normal control group were given normal saline, rats in the rest of the groups were given fat emulsion, 1 time a day for 5 weeks continuously to establish the rat model of hyperlipidemic fatty liver. At the same time, rats in the rest of the groups were treated by Shierweichuanjia tablets and compound methionine and choline bitartrate tablets in every night, totally for 5 weeks. The effects of drugs were observed by calculating the body weight, liver wet weight and the liver index, detecting alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissues.RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, liver wet weight and the serum levels of TC, TG were significantly increased in the model control group, the liver index also significantly increased (P< 0.05 or P<0.01). The serum levels of ALT and AST increased but not significantly (P>0.05). Under the microscope, it was found that a large number of small lipid droplets were found in the cells of the liver. Compared with the model control group, Shierweichuanjia tablets at 2.8, 1.4 and 0.7 g·kg^-1 showed decreased liver wet weight, index of liver, TC, TG and ALT, and the liver index at Shierweichuanjia tablets 0.7 g·kg^-1 was significantly different (P<0.05). The serum level of TC in each dose group of Shierweichuanjia tablets was significantly different, and Shierweichuanjia tablets at 1.4 and 0.7 g·kg^-1 had significant difference in serum TG level (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Microscopic findings suggested that at Shierweichuanjia tablets 2.8 and 1.4 g·kg^-1, the rat liver cells arranged in neat rows, hepatic sinusoids were clear, cytoplasmic lipid droplets disappeared, the liver cell structure was significantly improved compared with the model control group, and Shierweichuanjia tablets 0.7 g·kg^-1 dose group had significantly alleviated fatty degeneration of the liver compared with model group.CONCLUSION Shierweichuanjia tablet has a good role against hyperlipidemic fatty liver, and shows a certain dose effect relationship.