18例水合氯醛不良反应文献分析

目的探讨水合氯醛所致不良反应的一般规律及特点，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法通过检索中国期刊全文数据库，收集了1994年～2012年国内公开发表文献中，有关水合氯醛致不良反应的14篇文献，涉及18例病例报告，对不良反应的类型、主要临床表现以及影响因素进行统计与分析。结果水合氯醛所致不良反应从用药后10余秒到用药后10余日皆可发生，且主要发生于用药20min内。不良反应累及多个系统一器官，临床表现复杂多样。其中，变态反应发生率最高，严重者可致休克和死亡。结论临床医师与药师应重视水合氯醛的不良反应，坚持安全合理用药。

Literature Analysis of 18 Cases of Adverse Reactions Induced by Chloral Hydrate

Objective To investigate the general pattern and characteristics of the adverse drug reactions（ADR） induced by chloral hydrate, and provide a reference for the clinical rational use of drugs. Methods By searching literature in Chinese journal full-text database from 1994 to 2012, 14 ADR literatures of chloral hydrate involving 18 cases were collected. The type of adverse reactions, the main clinical manifestations and the influencing factors were analyzed statistically. Results The ADR induced by hydrate could occur in more than ten seconds after administration, could also occur in more than ten days after administration. The majority of adverse reactions occurred within 20 min utes. Adverse reactions could involve multiple systems, and the clinical manifestations were complicated and diversified. The incidence of allergic reaction was the highest, and serious cases can lead to shock and death. Conclusion Clinical physicians and pharmacists should be alert to the .6DR induced by chloral hydrate and they should stick to the principle of rational drug use.