1230例抗生素不良反应分析

目的 :探讨抗生素不良反应的规律及特点 ,指导合理用药。方法 :用文献计量学方法对近10年国内公开报道的1230例抗生素所致的不良反应进行分析。结果 :1230例抗生素不良反应占同期药物不良反应的46 19 % (1230/2663) ,品种以β-内酰胺类居首 (18种 ) ,例次数氨苄青霉素最多 (192例 ) ,其表现累计例次最多的是皮肤及其附件损害 (691例 ) ,最严重的是过敏性休克 (109例 ) ,其中 β-内酰胺类占76 15 % (83/109) ,氨基糖苷类的肾损害占本文全部肾损害的51 79 % (29/56) ,不容忽视。结论 :审慎用药 ,抗生素不良反应是可以大大减少的

Analysis of 1 230 Cases Developing Adverse Reactions to Antibiotics

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the general patterns and characteristics of ADRs to antibiotics and to guide rational drug use.METHODS：Using literature metrological method，1 230 cases developing drug adverse reactions to antibiotics,reported in Chinese literatures in the past 10 years,were analysed.RESULTS：ADRs to antibiotics of the 1 230 cases accounted for 46.19％ of all sorts of drug adverse reactions in the same time period.Among the antibiotics,β-lactam antibiotics were number one in kind(18 kinds),those happened most frequently were ampicillin(192 cases).The most frequent adverse reactions were damages to the skin and its appendages and the most serious reaction was anaphylactic shock,of which 76.15％ (83/109) was caused by β-lactams.Since the T cells are offen activated by drugs resulting in release of cytokines,which are the key to understand drug adverse reactions51.79％ (29/56)of renal dysfuncition was caused by aminoglycosis,therefore,attention should be paid to them.CONCLUSION：Attention to the rational use of antibiotics is essential,so as to reduce abuse use and damage to patients by irrational drug administration.