兔膝关节开放性海水浸泡损伤模型的构建

目的：探索并构建理想的兔膝关节开放性海水浸泡损伤的动物模型。方法取新西兰白兔60只，建立兔膝关节开放性损伤模型，按照不同的海水浸泡时间分为对照组、0.5 h组、1 h组、3 h组和6 h组，每组各12只。对照组不予处理，各实验组制备膝关节开放性伤口，分别给予相应的海水浸泡时间。术后观察实验动物伤口及存活情况，于术后7 d抽取各组白兔膝关节液，采用酶联免疫吸附法检测关节液中炎性因子白细胞介素1-β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量。结果3 h组和6 h组的7 d存活率分别为91.7%、75.0%，其余各组均为100.0%；1 h组、3 h组和6 h组的14 d存活率分别为91.7%、83.3%和58.3%，其余各组均为100.0%。术后7 d，3 h组和6 h组中关节液IL-1β水平分别为(37.50±6.1) pg/mL和(38.40±5.1) pg/mL，明显高于其他各组，差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05)，而3 h组和6 h组中关节液IL-1β水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；术后7 d，1 h组和3 h组关节液中的TNF-α水平分别为(297.48±35.7) pg/mL和(312.84±34.0) pg/mL，高于0.5 h组和对照组，低于6 h组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而1 h组和3 h组关节液中的TNF-α水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论海水浸泡3 h构建兔膝关节海水浸泡损伤的动物模型具有动物存活率高、炎性反应活跃等特点，是一种理想的关节开放性海水浸泡损伤的动物模型。

Establishment of a rabbit model of seawater immersion after knee injury

Objective To explore and construct a rabbit model of seawater immersion after knee injury. Methods Sixty rabbits of knee injury were randomly divided into five groups:control group, 0.5 h group, 1 h group, 3 h group and 6 h group. The control group was subjected to simple knee injury, and other groups received seawater im-mersion of different duration respectively. The wound and survival was observed. After 7 days, the content of interleu-kin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the synovial fluid in each group was measured by en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The 7-d survival rate was 91.7% in 3 h group, 75.0% in 6 h group, and 100.0%in other groups. The 14-d survival rate was 91.7%in 1 h group, 83.3%in 3 h group, 58.3%in 6 h group, and 100.0% in other groups. Seven days after treatment, the IL-1β levels of synovial fluid in 3 h group and 6 h group showed no statistically significant difference, which were (37.50±6.1) pg/mL and (38.40±5.1) pg/mL, but they were sig-nificantly higher than those in other groups. Seven days after treatment, the TNF-αcontent of synovial fluid in 1 h group and 3 h group, (297.48±35.7) pg/mLand (312.84± 34.0) pg/mL respectively, were significantly higher than that in 0.5 h group and control group but lower than that in 6 h group (P<0.05). Conclusion The models of seawater immersion for 3 hours after knee injury have higher survival rate and more inflammatory reactions, which are recommended.