南宁市儿童睡眠呼吸障碍与超重和肥胖关系的调查

目的调查南宁市学龄前及学龄儿童睡眠打鼾和相关的超重和／或肥胖发生关系。方法采取随机整群分层抽样方法，应用由家长完成的问卷调查表，对12个幼儿园、8所小学和6所初级中学的6999名2—14岁儿童进行调查，确定夜间睡眠打鼾及相关症状的发生情况。实际发放调查问卷总数为9000份，应答8150份，回收率为90．6％。有效问卷6999份。结果本组儿童打鼾现患率32．7％，男性儿童打鼾发生率（44．22％）高于女性儿童（28．58％），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。儿童打鼾现患率以5岁以下儿童相对较高为35．86％。打鼾儿童有较高的体重超重现患率（13．61％）和肥胖现患率（8．68％）。超重和／或肥胖儿童打鼾发生率（13．61％）高于无超重和／或肥胖儿童（8．68％）（P〈0．05）。超重和／或肥胖儿童有打轩并呼吸暂停的发生率为3．04％，与无超重和／或肥胖儿童的有打鼾但不伴呼吸暂停的发生率1．13％相比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。Logistic回归分析与睡眠打鼾儿童相关因素中扁桃体肥大、超重和／或肥胖及肥胖家族史为打鼾发生的危险因素。结论超重和／或肥胖儿童有较高的夜间睡眠打鼾报告率。适当控制体重对避免夜间睡眠打鼾或睡眠呼吸障碍的发生有意义。

Investigation on Sleep-disorder Breathing and Overweight and Obesity in Children in Nanning City

Objective To investigate the relationship between sleep snoring and correlated symptom of overweight and obesity in preschool and school children in Narming city of China. Methods A poptdation-based cross-sectional study of 6 999 children, aged from 2 to 14 years was conducted, twelve kindergartens, eight prime schools and six junior schools were randomly selected and the information was eolleeted using a parent-completed questionnaire to ascertain snoring and correlated symptom. The response rate was 90.6% ,8 150 of 9 000 questionnaire were fully completed and 6 999 questionnaires were available. Results A total of overall, the prevalence of snoring in preschool and school-age children were reported in 32.7%. The incidence rate of sleep snoring in boy groups was 44.22% ,which was higher than that of in girl group 28.58% （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The incidence rate of snoring in children aged from 2 to 5 was relatively high （ 35.86% ）. The prevalence of sleep snoring in children appeared to be seen much more in the children with overweight and/or obesity. The incidence of overweight in children with sleep snoring was 13.61% and that of obesity was 8.68% ,which was higher than that of those without overweight and/or obesity （P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of parent-reported sleep snoring with apnea in children with overweight and/or obesity （ 3.04% ） was increased significant compared to that of children without overweight and/or obesity 1.13% （P 〈 0.01 ）. Logistic regression analysis revealed that tonsillar hypertrophy and overweight and/or obesity and the history of family obesity were risk factors for sleep snoring. Conclusion We concluded that the incidence rate of sleep snoring was relatively high in the children with overweight and/or obesity. It appeared to be significance for children to keep appropriate weight in order not to cause sleep snoring and sleep-disordered breathing.