后疫情时期医学生返乡就业的现状和对策——以浙江省90个县区1?078名医学毕业生为例

通过毕业生访谈、问卷调查等方式，对浙江省90个县区1?078名医学毕业生进行调研，探讨后疫情时期医学生返乡就业的现状及影响因素和解决对策。结果发现，后疫情时期医学生返乡就业的意愿处于中等偏上水平，就业意愿岗位相对集中，就业意愿地区多为经济发达地区；男性、生源地为浙江东部地区、独生子女、有社会实践和创业经历的学生返乡就业意愿较高；政策导向、子女教育、福利待遇、收入水平、社会保障、人乡情感是医学生返乡就业的影响因素。根据影响因素笔者提出构建返乡医学生就业社会支持的对策，即：加强各级政府调控力度；加强返乡就业毕业生的子女教育和福利待遇水平；转变医学生就业观念，重构医学生“人乡情感”，提高医学生的乡村服务、乡村奉献、乡村治理能力等。

The present situation and countermeasures of medical students returning to their homes for employment in the post epidemic period——A case study of 1?078 medical graduates from 90 counties and districts in Zhejiang province

Altogether 1?078 medical graduates from 90 counties and districts in Zhejiang Province were interview and investigated through questionnaire to explore the current situation, influencing factors and countermeasures of medical students returning to their hometown for employment in the post-pandemic period. The results showed that the willingness of medical students to return to their hometown for employment was above the middle level, and the job intention was relatively concentrated. Male students, students from eastern Zhejiang, the only child family, and students with social practice and entrepreneurial experience were more willing to return home for employment. The influencing factors included policy orientation, family education, welfare benefits, income level, social security, and nostalgia for hometown. Accordingly, the author puts forward the countermeasures to construct the social support for returning medical students’ employment, namely: strengthening the governments’ regulation and improving education and welfare benefits for the children of returned graduates. We should change medical students in their employment concept, reconstruct their “native emotion”, and improve their services, dedication and governance capability for rural areas.