腺病毒介导的双自杀基因系统对乳腺癌细胞的杀伤作用

目的 探讨腺病毒介导胞嘧啶脱氨酶(CD)和胸苷激酶(TK)融合双自杀基因系统对乳腺癌治疗作用.方法 用重组VEGFP-CD/TK-GFP基因的腺病毒体外感染表达VEGF的乳腺癌MCF-7细胞和对照组不表达VEGF的乳腺上皮细胞,荧光显微镜观察其感染效率,以RT-PCR检测受感染细胞CD/TK的表达,然后给子前药环氧鸟苷(GCV)和/或5-氟胞嘧啶(5-FC),用MTT法观察该体系对细胞生长增殖的影响;用流式细胞术观察细胞周期变化.建立MCF-7裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,采用瘤内注射腺病毒载体联合腹腔内注射前药GCV和/或5-FC治疗后,观察肿瘤生长情况.结果 腺病毒对两种细胞的感染率相似,其感染率随腺病毒滴度的增高而递增.RT-PCR检测发现转染Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK的MCF-7细胞有目的 基凶的表达,而乳腺上皮细胞无表达.MTT法检测显示表达VEGF的MCF-7细胞对前药具有较高的敏感性,而不表达VEGF的乳腺上皮细胞对前药不敏感,CD/TK融合基因对MCF-7的疗效优丁任一单自杀基因(P＜0.01).在感染复数为100时,用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期显示治疗组细胞G0-G1期比率增多,S期细胞减少.在MCF-7裸鼠移植瘤模型中.该双自杀基因系统能够显著抑制肿瘤的牛长.其疗效优于任一单自杀基因(P<0.01).结论 腺病毒介导VEGF启动子驱动的CD/TK融合双自杀基因联合GCV和5-FC能有效治疗乳腺癌,其效果优于单自杀基因系统.

Adenovirus-mediated double suicide gene selectively kills breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of adenovirus-mediated double suicide gene (CD/TK) for selective killing of breast cancer cells. METHODS: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-expressing MCF-7 cells and normal human mammary epithelial cells that did not express VEGF were infected with the adenovirus containing VEGFP-CD/TK-GFP genes. CD/TK gene expression in the infected cells was detected by RT-PCR. After treatment of the infected cells with GCV and/or 5-FC, the cell growth status was evaluated using MTT assay, and the cell cycle changes were detected with flow cytometry. In nude mice bearing human breast cancer, the recombinant adenovirus vector was injected directly into the tumor followed by intraperitoneal injection of the prodrugs GCV and/or 5-FC, and the subsequent tumor growth was observed. RESULTS: The recombinant adenovirus achieved similar infection rates in MCF-7 and human mammary epithelial cells, and the rates increased gradually with the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of the virus. RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of CD/TK gene product in infected MCF-7 cells, but not in the infected mammary epithelial cells. The infected MCF-7 cells, but not the mammary epithelial cells, were highly sensitive to the pro-drugs. The CD/TK fusion gene system showed significantly greater efficiency than either of the single suicide gene in killing the target cells (P<0.01). At the MOI of 100, treatment of the infected cells with the pro-drugs resulted in increased cell percentage in G(0)-G(1) phase and decreased percentage in S phase. In nude mice bearing MCF-7 cell-derived subcutaneous tumor, treatment with the double suicide gene system significantly inhibited the tumor growth, showing much stronger effect than either of the single suicide gene (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The adenovirus-mediated CD/TK double suicide gene driven by VEGF promoter combined with GCV and 5-FC treatment can be an effective therapy against experimental breast cancer, and produces much greater efficacy than the single suicide gene CD/TK combined with GCV or 5-FC.