近代上海针灸学术发展管窥

由于近代中国特殊的社会历史环境,西学东渐,传统文化日渐式微。在这一时代背景下,近代上海针灸的发展遇到了前所未有的困难。近代上海针灸界在逆境中谋求发展,形成了以陆瘦燕、杨永璇、黄鸿舫、方慎盦、党波平等为代表的沪上针灸名家及流派,其学术思想和诊疗特色在一定程度上代表了这一时期上海针灸学术的发展状况。文章根据现有文献资料,对上述医家学术思想进行分析,发现其学术发展总体呈现两大共性特点,一是继承发扬传统,一是力图改革创新。综合诸家学术思想及诊疗特色,可见其在针灸学理论、临床诊疗及治疗方法上呈现以下三方面特点:一是学宗经典,法有渊源;二是重视经络,强调切诊;三是治疗技术,各有千秋。以此为切入点,可管窥近代上海针灸学术的发展状况之一斑。

Brief on Shanghai Acupuncture-Moxibustion Academic Development in Modern Times

In the process of western academic thoughts spreading to China,the traditional Chinese culture has been greatly impacted due to the special social and historical environment.Due to the era background,the development of acupuncture-moxibustion in modem times in Shanghai encountered unprecedented difficulties and developed in adversity.Medical schools represented by Lu Shouyan,Yang Yongxuan,Huang Hongfang,Fang Shenan and Dang Boping formed the academic thoughts,diagnosis and treatment features to a certain extent and reflected the development of acupuncture-moxibustion.Based on the existing literatures,we analyzed academic thoughts of the masters mentioned above and found two general characteristics.One was inheritance and development,and the other was the attempt of reform and innovation.The acupuncture-moxibustion theory,clinical diagnosis and treatment of masters could be summed up in three aspects：1.Academic thoughts and theories followed the classic; 2.Attached great importance to meridians and emphasized pulse diagnosis ;3.Treatments had their own characteristics.It will be the breakthrough points for us to understand the development status of acupuncture-moxibustion in modern times Shanghai.