乙醛脱氢酶2与神经系统疾病

乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)是存在于线粒体内的广泛参与体内醛类物质氧化的一种醛类氧化酶。ALDH2是一种硝酸还原酶,ALDH2野生型可能通过此途径产生更多的一氧化氮使血管内皮发生损伤,从而增加脑梗死的发生率。ALDH2突变型患者阿尔茨海默病的发病率更高。ALDH2的失活导致乙醛的蓄积与乙醇性多发性神经病变有关。ALDH2可减轻神经细胞的氧化应激损伤,对神经保护的研究具有重要的意义。因此,研究ALDH2的基因多态性及激活ALDH2将为神经退行性变疾病的治疗提供新的思路。

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Nervous System Diseases

Aldehyde dehydrogenase2(ALDH2)is an oxidizing enzyme of the aldehydes in the mitochondrion.ALDH2 is a kind of nitrate reductase,the wild type ALDH2 may produce more nitric oxide(NO)by this path and then causes oxidative stress for vascular endothelium,which increases the incidence rate of cerebral infarction and lacunae.Patients with the mutant ALDH2 are more vulnerable to Alzheimer′s disease.The accumulation of acetaldehyde due to ALDH2 inactivity is associated with alcoholic polyneuropathy.ALDH2 can lessen the nerve cells from the injury of oxidative stress,which plays an important role in studies of nerve protection.Therefore,to investigate the polymorphism of ALDH2 gene and activate it will provide a new idea for the therapy of neurodegenerative disease.