新疆阿克苏地区6～11岁儿童近视状况及影响因素分析

目的 分析新疆阿克苏地区6~11岁儿童患近视情况及相关影响因素,为新疆阿克苏地区儿童近视的防治提供理论依据。 方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,将新疆阿克苏地区所有小学定义为群,以群为抽样单位,随机抽取5所小学作为样本来源,本研究中共选择该地区1~5年级年龄为6~11岁的学生6 439名作为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式调查研究对象近视情况,并对可能引起近视的相关因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。 结果 近视情况:6 439名6~11岁儿童中共筛查出1 153例近视儿童,近视率为17.91%;其中轻度近视最为多见,占近视总人数的85.08%(981/1 153),中高度近视172例,占近视总人数的14.92%。单因素分析结果显示与儿童近视相关的因素包括年龄、年级、父母患近视出生季节、喜好电脑/手机游戏(均P<0.05),与性别不相关(P>0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、年级、父母患近视、喜好手机/电脑游戏是儿童近视的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。 结论 新疆阿克苏地区6~11岁儿童的近视患病率较高,儿童近视的发生与年龄、年级、父母患近视、喜好手机/电脑游戏等因素密切相关,可从上述方面加以管理,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗的二级预防,旨在全面提高儿童视觉质量。 

Analysis of myopia and influencing factors in children aged 6-11 in Aksu area of Xinjiang

Objective To explore and study the myopia status and its related influencing factors of children aged 6-11 in Aksu area of Xinjiang, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of myopia. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method, all primary schools in Aksu area of Xinjiang were defined as a group, and five primary schools were randomly selected as the sample source. In this study, 6 439 students aged 6-11 in grade 1-5 in this area were selected as the research objects. The myopia of the research objects was investigated by questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of myopia. Results Among 6 439 children aged 6-11 years, 1 153 cases of myopia were screened, with a myopia rate of 17.91%. Among them, mild myopia was the most common, accounting for 85.08%(981/1 153) of the total number of myopia, 172 cases of middle and high myopia, accounting for 14.92% of the total number of myopia. The results of single factor analysis showed that the factors related to children's myopia included age, grade and parents' myopia(P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference with gender(P>0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, grade, parents' myopia and preference for mobile phone/computer games were independent factors of myopia in children(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of myopia in children aged 6-11 years old in Aksu area of Xinjiang is relatively high. The occurrence of children's myopia is significantly associated with age, grade, parents' myopia, preference for mobile phone/computer games. It can be managed from the above aspects to achieve the secondary prevention of early discovery, early diagnosis, early treatment, so as to comprehensively improve the visual quality of children.