106例儿童睡眠障碍的影响因素分析及管理策略

  目的  研究儿童睡眠障碍的相关影响因素，为制定预防和减少儿童睡眠障碍的干预措施提供科学依据。  方法  选取2020年1月—2022年1月石家庄市人民医院门诊500名儿童作为研究对象，采用多导睡眠监测、儿童睡眠习惯问卷和睡眠日记综合评估和诊断儿童睡眠障碍。对儿童家长进行问卷调查，包括人口统计数据和与睡眠障碍潜在危险因素相关的信息因素，按照是否有睡眠障碍，分为睡眠障碍组和无睡眠障碍组。分别使用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析研究导致儿童睡眠障碍的影响因素。  结果  本研究共回收477份问卷，其中106例儿童患有睡眠障碍，371例儿童无睡眠障碍，单因素分析显示2组儿童体重、是否肥胖、是否早产儿、父母是否打鼾、有无过敏性鼻炎、夜间环境有无噪音、有无哮喘病史、睡前1 h是否看电子产品、睡前1 h是否活动、睡前1 h是否饮食比较差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示肥胖、有过敏性鼻炎、夜间环境噪音、有哮喘病史、睡前1 h看电子产品、睡前1 h活动、睡前1 h饮食是儿童睡眠障碍的独立危险因素(均P < 0.05)。  结论  肥胖、过敏性鼻炎、夜间环境噪音、哮喘病史、睡前1 h看电子产品、睡前1 h活动、睡前1 h饮食会影响睡眠, 减少并预防儿童睡眠障碍对促进儿童身心发育具有重要临床意义。 

Analysis of influencing factors in 106 children with sleep disorders and the related management strategies

  Objective  To study the prevalence of sleep disorders in children and analyze related influencing factors from various aspects, so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of interventions to prevent and reduce sleep disorders in children.  Methods  A total of 500 children from the outpatient department of Shijiazhuang People's Hospital between January 2020 and October 2022 were selected as the research subjects, using polysomnography, children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) and sleep diary to comprehensively assess and diagnose children's sleep disorders. Parents are asked to complete a questionnaire about their child's sleep time and sleep habits, including demographic data and informative factors related to potential risk factors for sleep disorders, and are divided into sleep disorder group and non-sleep disorder group. Univariate and Logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing children's sleep disturbance and to suggest intervention strategies.  Results  A total of 477 questionnaires were received for this study, including 106 children with sleep disorders and 371 children without sleep disorders. Univariate analysis showed that the differences between the 2 groups of children were statistically significant with regard to weight, obesity, preterm birth, parents' snoring, allergic rhinitis, presence of noise in the night-time environment, history of asthma, watching electronic devices, being active, or eating 1 hour before bedtime (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that obesity, allergic rhinitis, night-time noise, history of asthma, watching electronic devices, being active, or eating 1 hour before bedtime were independent risk factors for sleep disorders in children (all P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Independent risk factors for sleep disorders in children include obesity, allergic rhinitis, nocturnal ambient noise, history of asthma, watching electronic devices, being active, or eating 1 hour before bedtime. Reducing and preventing the incidence of sleep disorders in children has important clinical implications for their physical and mental development.