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大学生考试应激源下焦虑、抑郁情绪的状态调查
引用本文:马慧,严进,王志红,刘涛生,罗跃嘉.大学生考试应激源下焦虑、抑郁情绪的状态调查[J].第四军医大学学报,2005,26(3):261-264.
作者姓名:马慧  严进  王志红  刘涛生  罗跃嘉
作者单位:1. 中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室,北京,100101;第二军医大学心理学教研室,上海,200433
2. 第二军医大学心理学教研室,上海,200433
3. 中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室,北京,100101
基金项目:国家自然科学基金课题(30270364,30325026),中国科学院重要方向项目(KSCX2 SW 221),全军医药卫生科研基金课题(04M021)
摘    要:目的:调查高校大学生在面临大学英语四级考试应激源下的心理特点,研究考试应激状态时的焦虑、抑郁发生情况及其影响因素,为大学生考试应激的心理卫生工作提供依据.方法:应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、Beck抑郁问卷(BDI),艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),对某大学参加大学英语四级考试的200名大学生在平时、考试时、考试后进行了焦虑、抑郁情绪与人格特征相关测试和分析.结果:考试组在应激状态的焦虑、抑郁分值比对照组显性增高,并随着考试的结束,其分值逐渐降低;考试失败经历次数越多的考试组焦虑、抑郁分值越高;焦虑、抑郁情绪与EPQ人格E维度呈负相关,与N维度呈正相关.结论:大学英语四级考试是大学生学习生活中必经的应激源,焦虑、抑郁情绪发生率较高.因此,必须在考前对考试学生采取心理干预,缓解焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,尤其是多次经历考试失败的学生、个性不稳定及内向.应成为心理指导与干预的重点。

关 键 词:考试应激  人格特征  焦虑  抑郁
文章编号:1000-2790(2005)03-0261-04
修稿时间:2004年8月16日

Survey of emotional state in undergraduates under exam stress
MA Hui ,YAN Jin ,WANG Zhi-Hong ,LIU Tao-Sheng ,LUO Yue-Jia Key Laboratory of Mental Health.Survey of emotional state in undergraduates under exam stress[J].Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University,2005,26(3):261-264.
Authors:MA Hui    YAN Jin  WANG Zhi-Hong  LIU Tao-Sheng  LUO Yue-Jia Key Laboratory of Mental Health
Affiliation:MA Hui 1,2,YAN Jin 2,WANG Zhi-Hong 2,LIU Tao-Sheng 2,LUO Yue-Jia 1 1Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China,2Department of Psychology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China
Abstract:AIM: To investigate the psychological state of undergraduates before College English Test-4 (CET-4) and to explore the relationship between emotion and exam stress. METHODS: Two hundred students completed the questionnaires Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Eysenk Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) before exam, after exam and at non-exam time. RESULTS: Prior to exam, exam groups displayed higher anxiety and depression scores than control groups and the scores gradually declined after the exam. The undergraduates who had had more failure experiences showed higher anxiety and depression scores than those who had less failure. A negative correlation was found between the scores of anxiety or depression and E scores in EPQ, and a positive correlation was observed between the scores of anxiety or depression and N scores. CONCLUSION: CET-4 is a common stress in college. Effective psychological intervention should be taken to alleviate the negative emotion, especially in students who have had more failure experiences from past exams and those who are introvert and neurotic.
Keywords:exam stress  anxiety  personality character  depression
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