亳州地区2846例儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体IgM抗体检测结果分析

目的 了解亳州地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病例病原体的分布情况.方法 采用间接免疫荧光法对该院2015年4月至2016年3月诊治的2 846例急性呼吸道感染患儿外周血标本进行腺病毒、流感病毒A、流感病毒B、呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、嗜肺军团菌检测,了解患儿病原体的分布情况.结果 2 846例患儿病原体检测阳性1 161例(40.8％),其中检出率最高的前3位病原体分别是肺炎支原体470例(16.5％)]、流感病毒A252例(8.9％)]及呼吸道合胞病毒117例(4.1％)],并有79例混合感染(2.8％).随年龄增加病原体检出率呈下降趋势(x2=20.724,P=0.000 1).婴幼儿感染以呼吸道合胞病毒为主(11.2％),学龄前及学龄儿童以肺炎支原体感染为主(15.2％～25.4％).冬季病原体感染检出率最高(57.7％),夏季最低(22.5％).结论 亳州地区急性呼吸道感染病原体流行病学分布随年龄、季节而不同,婴幼儿感染率高于其他年龄段,肺炎支原体、流感病毒A及呼吸道合胞病毒是亳州地区儿童急性呼吸道感染的主要病原体,秋冬季高发应注意加强预防感染.

Analysis of IgM antibodies detection results of pathogens in 2 846 children with acute respiratory tract infection

Objective To understand the pathogens distribution situation in children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in Bozhou area.Methods A total of 2 846 children with ARTI in our hospital from April 2015 to March 2016 were enrolled to investigate the pathogens distribution.The indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect adenovirus,influenza virus A,influenza virus B,respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza virus,mycoplasma pneumoniae,chlamydophila pneumoniae and legionella pneumophila in peripheral blood samples.Results Of all 2 846 cases,1 161 (40.8％) cases were the pathogen detection positive.Among them,the top 3 viruses of highest detection rates were mycoplasma pneumoniae(470,16.5 ％),influenza virus A (252,8.9％) and respiratory syncytial virus (117,4.1％),and 79(2.8％) cases were mixed infection.With age increase,the pathogen detection rate showed the declining trend(x2 =20.724,P=0.000 1).The infections in infants and young children were dominated by respiratory syncytial virus(11.2 ％),which in preschool and school children was dominated by mycoplasma pneumoniae(15.2 ％-25.4 ％).The pathogen detection rate was highest in winter (57.7 ％),and lowest in summer (22.5 ％).Conclusion The prevalence distribution of ARTI pathogens varies with age and seasons.The infection rate in infants and young children is higher than that in other age groups.Mycoplasma pneumoniae,influenza virus A and respiratory syncytial virus are the main pathogens causing ARTI in children of Bozhou area,winter and summer have ARTI high onset,it is notable to strengthen the prevention of infection.