最小表观扩散系数、表观扩散系数差及动态增强磁共振成像对乳腺导管微小浸润癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨最小表观扩散系数(ADC_Min)、表观扩散系数差(ADC_DR)及动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)特征对乳腺导管原位癌与微小浸润的鉴别诊断,提高对微小浸润癌诊断价值。方法 收集本院2016年10月至2018年6月27例乳腺导管微小浸润癌(DCIS-Mi)和31例乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)患者,术前行乳腺磁共振成像检查,检查前签署知情同意书。应用Philips Ingenia 3.0T超导磁共振扫描仪和乳腺专用相控阵列表面线圈进行乳腺检查。在表观扩散系数(ADC)图中从多个感兴趣区中选出ADC_Min和最大表观扩散系数,同时计算ADC_DR,此外,分析MRI-DCE特点。结果 DCIS-Mi的ADC_Min明显低于DCIS(1.15±0.03)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s比(1.34±0.04)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,t=-7.192,P=0.002],ADC_DR值高于DCIS(0.32±0.03)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s比(0.18±0.08)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,t=-10.228,P<0.001];DCIS-Mi早期强化率高于DCIS159.71(157.82,162.49)%比147.29(143.59,160.22)%,Z=-3.578,P=0.007]。DCIS-Mi表现为非肿块样强化,以节段为主,内部强化特点为不均匀或簇环状强化表现。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,非肿块内部特点、肿块边缘、肿块内部强化特点、时间信号曲线、早期强化率、ADC_Min及ADC_DR为诊断DCIS-Mi最佳变量,最佳变量通过受试者操作特性曲线分析显示,ADC_Min、ADC_DR、非肿块内部强化特点和肿块内部强化特点的曲线下面积、敏感性及特异性较高,临界值分别为:1.12×10 ^-3 mm ²/s、0.31×10 ^-3 mm ²/s、1.50、1.50。结论 DCE-MRI联合ADC值有助于鉴别乳腺DCIS-Mi和DCIS,尤其ADC_Min、ADC_DR、非肿块内部强化和肿块内部强化对鉴别诊断有一定帮助。

Values of Minimal Apparent Diffusion Coefficient,Difference between Ratios of Apparent Diffusion Coefficients,and Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features in Diagnosing Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Microinvasion

Objective To explore the values of minimal apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC_Min),difference between ratios of apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC_DR),and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)in the treatment of breast ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion(DCIS-Mi).Methods Totally 27 patients with DCIS-Mi and 31 patients with breast ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)were collected in our hospital from October,2016 to June,2018.Philips Ingenia 3.0T superconducting magnetic resonance scanner and dedicated phase-controlled array surface coil were used for breast examinations.ADC_Min and maximum apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC_Max)were selected from multiple regions of interest(ROI)in the apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC)figure,and ADC_DR was calculated.In addition,DCE-MRI characteristics were analyzed.Results The ADC_Min of DCIS-Mi was significantly lower than that of DCIS(1.15±0.03)×10 ³ mm ²/s vs.(1.34±0.04)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,t=-7.192,P=0.002],the ADC_DR was significantly higher than that of DCIS(0.32±0.03)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s vs.(0.18±0.08)×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,t=-10.228,P<0.001],and the early enhancement rate of DCIS-Mi was higher than that of DCIS159.71(157.82,162.49)% vs.147.29(143.59,160.22)%,Z=-3.578,P=0.007].The background parenchymal enhancement of DCIS-Mi was moderate,severe,and non-lump-like,mainly segmental,and the internal enhancement was heterogeneous or clustered circular.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that non-internal characteristics of the mass,the edge of the mass,internal enhancement characteristics of the mass,time-intensity curve,early enhancement rate,ADC_Min and ADC_DR were the optimal variables for the diagnosis of DCIS-Mi,and the optimal variables were shown by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis:the area under curve,sensitivity and specificity of ADC_Min,ADC_DR,non-tumor internal enhancement,and tumor internal enhancement were higher,with the critical values being 1.12×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,0.31×10 ^-3 mm ²/s,1.50,and 1.50,respectively.Conclusion DCE-MRI combined with ADC value(especially ADC_Min,ADC_DR,non-mass internal enhancement,and mass internal enhancement)is helpful in differentiating breast DCIS-Mi and DCIS.