甲状腺透明变梁状肿瘤细针穿刺细胞学特征分析

目的 探讨甲状腺透明变梁状肿瘤(HTT)的穿刺细胞学特点及鉴别诊断。方法 分析4例有组织病理学对照的HTT穿刺细胞学涂片的病理特点,结合其组织病理学及免疫表型等特征,总结HTT主要的细胞学诊断要点及辅助鉴别诊断。结果 HTT细针穿刺细胞学显示,肿瘤细胞单个散在,部分呈相互黏附的簇状或形成具有小梁状表现的簇状;瘤细胞呈多边形或梭形,胞质中等量或丰富,细胞核卵圆形或短梭形,染色质细腻颗粒状,可见小核仁,易见核沟、核内假包涵体、细胞核轮廓不规则,具有甲状腺乳头状癌核的特征;间质存在透明变性的基底膜样物质,瘤细胞簇黏附并不紧密,有小梁状或合体样结构,瘤细胞围绕透明变物质呈放射状分布,丰富的嗜酸性或嗜双色性胞质,细胞核相对拉长,无乳头状结构及纤维血管轴心,无砂粒体。组织病理学显示瘤细胞呈梁状、器官样排列,小梁间见透明变性的基底膜样物质沉积,细胞呈多角形或梭形,胞质嗜酸,细颗粒状,胞核圆形或卵圆形,常见核沟及核内假包涵体。结论 结合超声学的改变,仔细观察肿瘤细胞的排列方式、间质成分及细胞学特点,考虑HTT的患者可行细胞块Ki-67染色辅助诊断,提高HTT的诊断准确性或术中冰冻进一步诊断。

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor of the Thyroid

Objective To investigate the fine needle aspiration cytology and differential diagnosis of hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) of the thyroid. Methods The fine needle aspiration smears of four HTT cases with histopathological controls were analyzed,which were then combined with the histopathological changes and immunophenotypes for diagnosis.The key points of cytological diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of HTT were then summarized. Results The fine needle aspiration cytology showed that the tumor cells were scattered,presenting as partially cohesive clusters or clusters with trabecular manifestations.The tumor cells were polygonal or spindle,with medium or rich cytoplasm.The nuclei were oval or short spindle,with fine granular chromatin,visible small nucleoli,common nuclear grooves and nuclear pseudoinclusions,and irregular outline,which demonstrated the nucleus characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma.The interstitium showed transparent basement membrane-like material deposition,loose tumor cell clusters,trabecular or syncytial structure,radially distributed tumor cells around the hyaline-like material,rich eosinophilic or dichromophile cytoplasm,elongated nuclei,no papillary structure or fibrovascular axis,and no psammoma bodies.Histopathology showed tumor cells arranged in beam and organoid,transparent basement membrane-like material deposition between trabecular beams,and polygonal or spindle cells containing fine granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and round or oval nuclei with common nuclear grooves and nuclear pseudoinclusions. Conclusion Combining the ultrasound results with the arrangement,interstitial components,and cytological characteristics of tumor cells,we suggest that Ki-67(MIB-1)staining can be employed to assist diagnosis and improve the diagnostic accuracy of HTT or intraoperative freezing can be adopted for further diagnosis.