老年2型糖尿病患者牙周病发生及相关因素

目的：探讨老年2型糖尿病患者牙周病发生情况及相关因素，为开展综合预防和治疗措施提供参考。方法选取到我院住院治疗的老年2型糖尿病患者273例，检查其牙周病患病情况，同时收集年龄、性别、文化程度、体重指数、病程、吸烟、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、刷牙习惯等资料，比较牙周病患病组与未患病组之间上述资料的差异，探讨导致牙周病发生的影响因素。结果273例研究对象中患有牙周病154例（56．41％），其中，牙龈炎60例，牙周炎94例。牙周病组平均存留牙数（18．54±6．31）颗，未患牙周病组平均存留牙数（21．62±7．48）颗（t ＝3．679，P ＜0．001）。年龄较大（P ＜0．001）、病程较长（P ＜0．001）、吸烟（P ＜0．001）、空腹血糖（P ＜0．001）和糖化血红蛋白（P ＜0．001）水平较高是老年2型糖尿病患者发生牙周病的危险因素，而文化程度高（P ＝0．017），刷牙＞1次／d （P ＜0．001），竖刷（P ＝0．004），使用牙线（P ＝0．004）是其保护因素。结论老年2型糖尿病患者中牙周病患病率较高，临床上应做好三级预防措施，降低牙周病发生风险因素的暴露。

The periodontal disease occurrence of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and its factors

Objective To explore the periodontal disease occurrence and its factors for elderly type 2 diabetes patients, providing reference for comprehensive prevention and treatment measures. Methods 273 cases of elderly in-patients with type 2 diabetes in our hospital were enrolled.We checked their periodontal disease conditions,collected information including age, sex,educational level,body mass index,disease duration,smoking,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,brushing habits.These values were compared between periodontal disease group and no periodontal disease group. Results People with periodontal disease in 273 cases of the object of study included 1 54 patients (56.41 %),among them,gingivitis 60 cases,94 cases of periodontitis.The teeth number was (1 8.54 ±6.31 )for periodontal disease group on average,with (21 .62 ±7.48)for no periodontal disease group (t =3.679,P <0.001 ).Older (P <0.001 ),longer course of disease (P <0.001 ),smoking (P<0.001 ),higher fasting blood glucose (P <0.001 )and higher glycosylated hemoglobin (P <0.001 )were risk factors of perio-dontal disease for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.And well-educated (P =0.01 7),brushing teeth frequency >1 /d (P<0.001 ),vertical brush mode (P =0.004),the use of dental floss (P =0.004)were the protective factors. Conclusion Periodontal disease prevalence is high in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.The three level preventive measures should be strengthened to reduce the exposure of the periodontal disease risk factors.