大鼠子宫壁及子宫系膜微循环的观察方法

目的 建立大鼠子宫壁及子宫系膜微循环的观察方法.方法 30只SD雌性大鼠,给予体积分数2％戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射（30 mg/kg体质量）麻醉.常规消毒腹部,大鼠仰卧位固定,两侧下肢尽量外展.于腹部正中线外约0.5 cm处做一纵行长约1.5 ～2 cm的切口,钝性分离皮下组织,拉出一侧子宫及其韧带,置于透明有机玻璃槽的微循环恒温箱中（水控温度37.5℃）,固定摊平在箱内有机玻璃小台柱（直径约为20 mm,高度约15 mm）上,用37℃的林格氏液湿润子宫表面及其韧带,用冷光源为外射光,观察子宫壁及子宫系膜微循环,固定视野内观察微血管各参数值.随机选取15只大鼠尾静脉注射缩宫素2 IU,30 min后观察子宫微循环的变化.结果 子宫系膜的微动脉管径约为8～ 15 μm,微静脉管径约为25 ～ 45 μm;大鼠子宫壁微动脉管径约为6～ 12 μm,微静脉管径约为15 ～ 30 μm.注射缩宫素后,子宫系膜和子宫壁的微动脉血管管径分别收缩了38.24％和25.14％,和正常组比较有统计学差异（P＜0.05,P＜0.05）.结论 大鼠子宫系膜的微血管解剖位置明显,分离操作方便,其微循环动静脉血管清晰,血流丰富,有利于进行动物及人类疾病的防治和药物研究.

Observation on Microcirculationof Uterine Wall and Mesometrium in Rats

Objective To establish observation the methods for microcirculation of uterine wall and mesometrium in rats. Methods Thirty female SD rats were anesthetized through intraperitoneal injection with 2% pentobarbital sodium（30 mg/kg）. After routine abdomen disinfection, the rats were fixed in supine position, with two lower limbs abducted maximally. A longitudinal cut was made whose length was 1.5-2 cm and 0.Scm outside of abdomen midline. We made blunt dissection of subcutaneous tissue and draw one side of uterus and its ligament. Put uterus and the ligament on microcirculation calorstat which was in transparent plexiglass groove with water controlled temperature of 37.5 ℃. The uterus and ligament were fixed and flattened on the pillai, a small plexiglass pillar which was 20 mm width and 15 mm height ,used for observation. The tissues were kept moist with 37℃ Riger＇s solution. The microcirculation of uterine wall and mesometrium were observed and calculated capillary parameter value with the use of cold light source as an external light. The microcirculation of uterus of 15 rats were observed 30 min post 2 IU （international Unit） oxytocin IV injection. Results The diameter of arteriole in mesometrium of rats was 8-15 ktm, while the diameter of its microvein was 25-45 Bm, the diameter of arteriole of uterine wall was 6-12 Bm, and while the diameter of its microvein was 15-30 μm. After the injection of oxytocin, the diameter of arteriole of mesometrium and uterine wall decreased 38.24% and 25.14% respectively, which has significantly difference comparing with normal group （P〈0.05, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The anatomical position of mesometric capillary of rats is obvious and easy for dissection. The blood vessels of microcirculation are clear and have abundant blood flow, which are benefit for human disease prevention and medicine study.