首诊缺血性脑卒中病人出院准备度与出院后生活质量的相关性研究

目的探讨首诊缺血性脑卒中病人的出院准备度与出院后生活质量之间的相关性。方法便利抽样选取首次诊断为缺血性脑卒中的符合纳入标准的210例病人作为研究对象，使用成人版出院准备度量表（RHDS）和简明健康调查问卷（SF-36）对病人出院前4 h的出院准备度和出院后1个月的生活质量进行问卷调查。结果首诊为缺血性脑卒中病人的出院准备度总均分为（7.69±0.70）分，与国内其他研究相比处于中等水平；3个维度中适应能力维度平均得分最高为（8.12±1.04）分，预期性支持维度平均得分最低为（7.26±0.88）分；单因素分析结果显示性别、月收入、文化程度是影响首诊缺血性脑卒中病人出院准备度的影响因素（P < 0.01）；多元逐步回归分析结果显示文化程度是影响病人出院准备度的显著影响因子（b=0.218，95%CI:0.072~0.216，P < 0.01），文化程度越高者出院准备度越高；出院后1个月的生活质量得分为（91.86±14.26）分，Pearson相关分析结果显示出院准备度与生活质量呈正相关关系（r=0.843，P < 0.05）。结论首诊缺血性脑卒中病人的出院准备度有待进一步提高，临床医护人员并根据病人的文化程度不同给予有针对性的临床干预，提高其出院准备度，从而改善病人出院后的生活质量。

Correlation between discharge readiness and quality of life after discharge in patients with first-diagnosed ischemic stroke

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between the discharge readiness and the quality of life after discharge in patients with first-diagnosed ischemic stroke.MethodsTwo hundred and ten patients who met the inclusion criteria for the first-diagnosed ischemic stroke were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling.The readiness for hospital discharge scale (RHDS) and concise health survey questionnaire (SF-36) were used to investigate the readiness for hospital discharge 4 h before discharge and the quality of life 1 month after discharge.ResultsThe total mean score of discharge readiness of patients with ischemic stroke was (7.69±0.70), which was at a medium level compared with other studies in China.Among the three dimensions, the highest of the average score on adaptability dimension was (8.12±1.04) points, and the lowest of the average score on expected support dimension was (7.26±0.88) points.The results of single factor analysis showed that gender, monthly income and education level were the influencing factors of discharge readiness of patients with first-diagnosed ischemic stroke (P < 0.01).Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that education level was a significant factor affecting the patient's discharge readiness (b=0.218, 95%CI: 0.072-0.216, P < 0.01).The higher the education level was, the higher the discharge readiness was.The score of quality of life one month after discharge was(91.86±14.26) points, and the Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between discharge readiness and quality of life (r=0.843, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe discharge readiness of patients with first-diagnosed ischemic stroke needs to be further improved.Clinical medical staff should give targeted clinical intervention according to the patient's education level to improve their discharge readiness, so as to improve the quality of life of patients after discharge.