中药调节黏膜免疫系统用于防治COVID-19的思路探索

机体免疫功能低下患者,极易出现新型冠状病毒感染,与中医所说正气不足、邪毒侵扰一致。目前集中在抗病毒药物研发是必须的,但对于调节机体免疫系统制剂的研究也较为迫切。黏膜组织是人体免疫系统的一道重要屏障,具有独特功能和结构的独立免疫体系,是机体抵抗感染的第一道防线,与外界抗原(比如食物、共生菌、病毒等)直接接触。其在抵抗病毒、抗感染方面,黏膜免疫(如呼吸道黏膜、肠道黏膜等)起着极其重要的作用,可以消灭外来病原微生物或其他外来抗原,不至于病毒侵入机体组织而对机体造成损伤。中药通过黏膜免疫系统发挥治疗作用的研究报道日益增多,该文拟针对黏膜免疫系统与新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的关系以及中药的干预机制展开探讨,以期为COVID-19的防治提供可借鉴的研究方法与治疗思路。

Exploration of Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 by Regulating Mucosal Immune System with Traditional Chinese Medicine

Patients with low immune function are prone to novel coronavirus infection, which is consistent with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) concept of deficiency of vital Qi and invasion of toxin. At present, it is necessary to focus on the development of antiviral drugs, but it is also urgent to study the preparation for regulating the immune system. Mucosal tissue is an important barrier of human immune system. It has an independent immune system with unique functions and structures. It is the body''s first line of defense against infection, and is in direct contact with external antigens (such as food, symbiotic bacteria, viruses, etc.). In the resistance to viruses and infections, the mucosal immune system (such as respiratory mucosa, intestinal mucosa, etc.) plays an extremely important role, which can eliminate foreign pathogenic microorganisms or other foreign antigens, so that the virus does not invade the body tissue and cause damage to the body. There are more and more reports on the therapeutic effects of TCM through the mucosal immune system. This paper aims to explore the relationship between mucosal immunity and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and the intervention mechanism of TCM, so as to provide useful research methods and therapeutic ideas for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.