糖谱及其在中药多糖质量控制中的应用

多糖是生命四大基础物质之一,兼具有多方面药理活性,是中药主要功效成分之一。近年来,随着分析技术的进步和分子生物学的发展,糖的研究也取得巨大进展,多糖类药物和保健品的研究正成为生命科学研究中又一新的前沿和热点。然而,多糖质量控制是多糖类新药研发中的瓶颈,提高中药多糖质量控制研究至关重要。由于中药多糖化学结构复杂、多样性大,其质量控制一直是难点并极具挑战性。实际上,中药多糖的生物活性与其结构特征密切相关,建立基于结构特征的中药多糖质量控制方法,对于保证中药多糖的安全有效至关重要。因此,该文首先对中药多糖生物活性与其化学结构关系进行归纳总结,提出中药多糖5种作用机制,阐明中药多糖质量控制的必要性和重要性;在此基础上,介绍基于糖谱法的中药多糖质量控制策略和应用,旨在为中药多糖质量研究提供新思路。

Saccharide mapping and its application in quality control of polysaccharides from Chinese medicines

Polysaccharides with multiple biological activities are usually considered as one of the major bioactive compounds in Chinese medicines(CMs). At present, the development of drug and functional foods related to polysaccharides have attracted a great deal of attention due to their great potential effects and diverse action mechanisms. However, quality control of polysaccharides is the bottle-neck and a challenge due to their complexity and chemical diversity. Actually, the bioactivities of polysaccharides are closely related to their molecular structures. In order to ensure their safety and efficacy, the development of novel approaches based on the molecular structures for the improvement of quality control of polysaccharides is significantly important. Therefore, in this article, the relationship between biological activities and chemical structures, as well as the action mechanisms of polysaccharides from CMs were summarized first. Furthermore, saccharide mapping, a novel strategy for quality control of bioactive polysaccharides from CMs, was introduced and the application and perspectives were also discussed.