荷梗中的细胞毒活性生物碱

研究植物莲Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn干燥茎的生物碱类成分及其细胞毒活性，为进一步开发利用荷梗提供依据。采用离子交换树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法分离纯化，并运用波谱方法对所分离的化合物进行结构鉴定。采用MTT法对所分离得到的化合物进行HL-60癌细胞毒活性实验。从荷梗总生物碱提取物中分离鉴定了15个生物碱类化合物，分别为阿西米洛宾（1）、异乌药碱（2）、N-乙酰基去甲杏黄罂粟碱（3）、厚壳桂素（4）、velucryptine（5）、pycnarrhine（6）、鹅掌楸碱（7）、荷叶碱（8）、降荷叶碱（9）、杏黄罂粟碱（10）、N-甲基阿西米洛宾（11）、乌药碱（12）、N-去甲杏黄罂粟碱（13）、N-甲基乌药碱（14）、观音莲明（15）。化合物 1~7，12~15 为首次从荷梗中分离得到。化合物 2~6 为首次从莲科植物中分离得到。在样品溶液浓度为1×10^-5 mol·L^-1的条件下，化合物 7~10，13，14 对HL-60癌细胞体外生长的抑制率分别是51.36%，59.09%，52.51%，53.93%，51.43%和64.31%，表明上述化合物对人早幼粒细胞白血病HL-60细胞具有较明显的体外细胞毒活性。

Cytotoxic alkaloids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera

Chemical investigation was carried out to study the alkaloids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera and their cytotoxic activities. The constituents were separated by column chromatography,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities by MTT method. Fifteen compounds were isolated from the total alkaloids extract and identified as asimilobine(1), isococlaurine(2), N-acetylnorarmepavine(3), crykonisine(4), velucryptine(5), pycnarrhine(6), liriodenine(7), nuciferine(8), nornuciferine(9), armepavine(10), N-methylasimilobine(11), coclaurine(12), N-norarmepavine(13), N-methylcoclaurine(14)and lysicamine(15). Compounds 1-7 and 12-15 were isolated from stems of this plant for the first time,and compounds 2-6 were firstly isolated from the family Nelumbonaceae.Compounds 7-10, 13 and 14 showed significant cytotoxic activities against HL-60 carcinoma cell line with inhibitory ratios of 51.36%, 59.09%, 52.51%, 53.93%, 51.43%, and 64.31% at concentration of 1×10^-5 mol·L^-1, respectively.