绞股蓝治疗糖尿病的效应成分群及作用机制研究进展

糖尿病是一种以慢性高血糖为主要特征的代谢性疾病。绞股蓝Gynostemma pentaphyllum作为传统的药食两用中药品种之一，具有多种药理活性。近年来，绞股蓝在治疗糖尿病方面的研究取得了较大进展，其作用机制的研究也日趋深入。对2004年以来绞股蓝及绞股蓝皂苷、多糖、粗提物等效应成分群治疗糖尿病的药理作用，以及绞股蓝抑制糖苷酶活性、改善胰岛素抵抗、调节糖脂代谢、调节肠道菌群、抗氧化等几种可能的作用机制进行了综述，以期为绞股蓝治疗糖尿病的活性成分及分子机制的进一步研究和绞股蓝的开发和应用提供参考。

Research progress on bioactive component groups and mechanisms of Gynostemma pentaphyllum for treatment of diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Gynostemma pentaphyllum served as one of the traditional Chinese medicinal and edible herbs has a variety of pharmacological properties. In recent years, great progress has been achieved on the treatment of diabetes, and the research on its potential mechanisms are gradually deepened. In this study, the antidiabetic effects of G. pentaphyllum and the bioactive component groups including gypenosides, polysaccharides and crude extracts, and the possible molecular mechanisms, such as inhibiting glycosidase activity, improving insulin resistance, anti-oxidation, regulating glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota, were summarized from 2004 to 2019. This review provides the guidance for the further study on the active components and molecular mechanisms in treating diabetes, and the reference for the development and application of G. pentaphyllum.