平性植物类安神中药药理作用与化学成分研究进展＊

安神中药应用于临床治疗失眠历史悠久，平性植物类安神中药在安神中药中占有较大比例。通过系统地查阅和整理国内外关于平性植物类安神中药研究的相关文献，发现平性植物类安神中药与神经系统相关的药理作用主要集中在改善睡眠、抗抑郁、抗焦虑、抗惊厥、改善学习记忆、抗癫痫，此外平性植物类安神中药还具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、降糖降脂、抗菌抗炎、调节免疫等其他药理作用。研究表明，平性植物类安神中药化学成分主要含有多糖类、黄酮类、皂苷类、萜类、蒽醌类、酚酸类、生物碱等成分，此外还含二苯乙烯苷类、甾体类、鞣花酸类以及其他化合物。现对平性植物类安神中药的药理作用和化学成分研究进行综述，以期为平性植物类安神中药的进一步研究和开发利用提供参考。

Research Progress on Pharmacological Action and Chemical Components of Sedative Herbs of Neutral Property in Traditional Chinese Medicine

The sedative herbs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of clinical experience in treating insomnia. The sedative herbs of neutral property have a large proportion in sedative medicinals of TCM. By systematically consulting and sorting out the domestic and foreign literature, it was found that the pharmacological action of sedative TCM herbs of neutral property on the nervous system mainly focused on sleep improvement, anti-depressant, anti-anxiety, anti-convulsant, improving learning and memory, anti-epilepsy. Besides, sedative TCM herbs of neutral property also have anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, sugar and lipid-decreasing, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, regulating immune and other pharmacological action. Researches have shown that the chemical components of sedative TCM herbs of neutral property mainly were polysaccharides, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, anthraquinones, phenolic acids, alkaloids, stilbene glucosides, steroids, ellagic acid and other chemical components. In this paper, the pharmacological action and chemical components of sedative TCM herbs of neutral property were reviewed, in order to provide a reference for further research, development, and utilization of medicinals of this kind.