血管内皮细胞屏障功能的血流动力学调控及其与动脉粥样硬化的关系

动脉粥样硬化是心脑血管疾病的重要病理基础。内衬于血管的内皮细胞是血管壁与血流之间的一道具有选择通透性的屏障,对于维持血管内环境稳态发挥重要作用。血管内皮屏障功能的紊乱是动脉粥样硬化发生发展的重要环节之一。近年的研究表明血流动力学能明显影响血管内皮细胞屏障功能。扰动流和振荡流等异常血流形态能改变血管内皮的通透性,甚至形成动脉内膜破裂。本文通过聚焦内皮细胞内外侧的物质交换、动脉内膜破裂方面的最新研究成果,评述血流动力学变化对血管内皮细胞屏障功能的影响,讨论了值得进一步深入研究的领域,以期为进一步阐明动脉粥样硬化发生发展机制以及有效防治策略的选择提供一个新的思路。

Hemodynamic regulation of vascular endothelial barrier function and its relationship with atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Endothelial cells lining blood vessels are a barrier with selective permeability between blood vessel wall and blood flow, and play an important role in maintaining homeostasis of blood vessels. Dysfunction of vascular barrier function is one of the important steps in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that hemodynamics can significantly affect the endothelial barrier function. Abnormal blood flow pattern such as disturbed flow and oscillatory flow can significantly change the permeability of vascular endothelium and even induce breaches of the arterial intima. By focusing on the latest research results on material exchange inside and outside of endothelial cells and arterial intimal rupture, the study reviews the influence of hemodynamic changes on the function of vascular endothelial cell barrier, and discusses the fields worthy of further study, so as to provide a new idea for further elucidating the mechanism of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and the selection of effective prevention and treatment strategies.