安徽省桐城市152例晚期血吸虫病患者现状分析

目的 分析2020年桐城市现存晚期血吸虫病（以下简称晚血）患者现状，为科学制定晚血患者救治措施提供依据。方法 对“中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫防治信息管理平台”中2020年底桐城市现存的经过专家审核、认定的晚血患者开展流行病学调查和分析，并对晚血患者自理能力进行评估。结果 2020年桐城市在册晚血患者152例，2018—2020年通过主动筛查发现新发晚血患者11人，占现存晚血患者的7.24%。其中，男性73例，女性79例；年龄最大95岁，最小35岁，平均年龄74.5岁。晚血患者分布于范岗、新渡、嬉子湖等13个镇（街道）。临床分型中，腹水型147例，巨脾型5例，未发现结肠增厚和侏儒型病例。152例晚血患者平均确诊年限为15年，最长为61年，最短为1年。所有晚血患者每年均进行一次住院治疗，治疗次数最多的达16次，最少的1次，平均10次。152例晚血患者中128例伴有基础性疾病，目前生活自理等级为1级、2级和3级的分别为143人、4人和5人。结论 桐城市晚血患者高龄化，伴有基础性疾患多，需要强化综合救治措施，以期提高晚血患者生存质量。

Analysis on the status of 152 advanced schistosomiasis patients in Tongcheng City,Anhui Province

Objective To analyze the status of registered patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Tongcheng City by the end of 2020 for scientific evidences to develop treatment measures for this group of patients. Methods Epidemiological investigation and analysis were performed on the existing cases of advanced schistosomiasis in Tongchen City, registered by the end of 2020 in the Parasite Control Information Management Platform of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. All cases were reviewed and identified by local experts, and underwent evaluation for the self-care ability. Results Totally, 152 cases of advanced schistosomiasis were registered in Tongchen City by the end of 2020. Eleven patients were identified in active screening between 2018 and 2020, which accounted for 7.24% of the totally reported cases. Seventy-three were males, and 79 females. The age ranged from 35 to 95 years, with an average of 74.5 years. The 152 cases were distributed in 13 towns/communitis, including Fangang, Xindu, Xizihu etc. The clinical classification was primarily involved in ascites (n=147) and splenomegaly(n=5). No cases of colon thickening and dwarf were found. The average diagnosis was 15 years (ranging from 1 year to 61 years) in the current 152 cases. All patients underwent treatment on hospitalization basis each year, and the treatment ranged from 16 sessions to one secession, with an average of treatment sessions by 10. Of the 152 patients, 128 were complicated with primary conditions. Among the 152 patients with advanced schistosomiasis, 143 were in self-care ability at grade 1; 4 at grade 2; 5 at grade 3. Conclusion The advanced schistosomiasis patients in Tongcheng City tends to be aged, and most of them are complicated with primary conditions. The findings suggest integrated treatment measures should be taken and strengthened in order to improve the quality of life for those patients.