视网膜神经纤维层厚度与糖尿病视网膜病变程度的相关性研究

目的通过光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)仪观察具有不同视网膜病变程度的2型糖尿病患者及正常人视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)厚度,探讨RNFL厚度与糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的程度是否有相关性。方法正常对照组50人89眼,2型糖尿病患者75例130眼,按DR国际临床分型标准分为无糖尿病视网膜病变(non-diabetic retinopathy,NDR)组37例70眼、非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)组21例33眼、增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)组17例27眼,所有患者均行眼科常规检查和OCT检查;OCT测量数据包括:视盘周围360°平均及上方、下方、鼻侧和颞侧平均RNFL厚度。结果正常对照组RNFL厚度视盘360°平均为(106.80±9.28)μm、上方(130.24±16.13)μm、下方(137.50±14.12)μm、鼻侧(75.02±8.90)μm、颞侧(84.20±12.39)μm;NDR组RNFL厚度360°平均为(104.20±7.12)μm、上方(120.46±20.40)μm、下方(137.63±11.18)μm、鼻侧(74.42±6.50)μm、颞侧(84.38±12.58)μm;NPDR组RNFL厚度360°平均为(86.67±4.22)μm、上方(105.97±7.22)μm、下方(114.97±5.29)μm、鼻侧(52.93±7.86)μm、颞侧(72.81±6.91)μm;PDR组RNFL厚度360°平均为(127.92±6.44)μm、上方(154.48±9.28)μm、下方(167.22±9.59)μm、鼻侧(83.33±9.83)μm、颞侧(106.63±10.40)μm。与正常对照组相比,NPDR、PDR组各方位RNFL厚度差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),NPDR组变薄而PDR组变厚;NDR组与正常对照组比较,只有360°平均及上方有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);NDR、NPDR、PDR三组间两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者RNFL厚度的变化与DR的程度具有相关性,NDR及NPDR患者RNFL厚度变薄提示眼底开始出现神经节细胞凋亡的可能,当RNFL厚度由薄转为增厚则提示出病变的进行性加重,对临床早期诊断及治疗具有指导意义。

Correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and severity of diabetic retinopathy

Objective To measure the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes of different severity and normal subjects using optical coherence tomography(OCT),and investigate the correlation between RNFL thickness and severity of diabetic retinopathy.Methods Eighty-nine eyes of 50 normal subjects and 130 eyes of 75 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled.Among the diabetic patients,70 eyes of 37 patients were non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR),21 eyes of 33 patients were non-proliferati...