维生素D与母体妊娠相关疾病关系的研究进展

维生素D（Vitamin D，VD）作为人体所必需的营养素之一，参与调节体内多种生物学过程，其补充剂主要应用于预防和治疗佝偻病、骨质疏松症等疾病。VD受体广泛分布于机体组织细胞中，研究发现VD在调节免疫系统功能方面发挥重要的生理作用，同时参与了神经系统、内分泌系统及循环系统疾病的发病过程。妊娠期间，VD对维持母体及胎儿发育同样至关重要。有文献报道孕产妇VD水平偏低或缺乏与妊娠相关疾病发病率增加有关，严重的VD缺乏还可导致孕妇及胎儿不良妊娠结局。结合近年发表的国内外文献，对VD的不足或缺乏与母体妊娠相关疾病的关系进行综述，探讨疾病发生的病理机制，为早期预防、早期诊断和及时治疗提供理论依据。

Research Progress on the Associations of Vitamin D and Maternal Pregnancy Complications

As one of the essential nutrients, Vitamin D (VD) participates in regulating various biological processes in the human body. VD supplementation is mainly used to prevent and treat rickets, osteoporosis and so on. VD receptors are widely distributed in tissues and cells of the body widely. Studies have shown that VD plays an important role in modulating immune system functions. Meanwhile, it is involved in the pathogenesis of several disorders, such as nervous, endocrine and circulatory system diseases. Besides, VD is also crucial for maintaining maternal and fetal well-being during pregnancy. It has been reported that VD insufficiency or deficiency has been implicated in the increasing incidence of numerous maternal pregnancy complications. Moreover, severe VD deficiency is also associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. In this article, we summarize the association between VD deficiency and maternal pregnancy complications and discuss the potential mechanism by consulting domestic and foreign literature published in recent years, aiming to provide theory basis for early screening, diagnosis and prompt treatment for VD deficiency.