惠州市惠阳区学龄前儿童屈光不正的调查

目的调查学龄前儿童（5～7岁）视觉发育状况。方法惠州市惠阳区人民医院眼科于2006-01--2006-12，对所在区内的26所幼儿园中共3000名学龄前儿童（5-7岁）进行了屈光状况的普查。检查项目：裸眼远近视力检查、眼位、注视情况，对筛查出裸眼远近视力小于1．0者定为视力异常，用阿托品散瞳，专人电脑验光＋检影镜检影＋裂隙灯眼底检查，并对其视力与屈光状态及注视性质数据进行统计分析。结果3000名学龄前儿童视力异常者576人，占普查学龄前儿童总数的19．2％。其中屈光不正555人，占普查学龄前儿童总数的18．5％；先天性眼疾或外伤21人，占普查学龄前儿童总数的0．7％。3000名学龄前儿童中弱视66人，检出率为2．2％，其中34例接受弱视治疗，疗效明显。屈光不正中远视367人，占屈光不正患儿的66．1％；近视16人，占屈光不正患儿的2．9％；散光172人，占屈光不正患儿的31．0％。结论学龄前儿童是视觉发育的敏感期，应系统、定期检查，发现异常及时矫治。

Survey of preschool children with ametropia in Huiyang district of Huizhou

Objective To investigate the visual growth condition of the preschoolers （5-7 years old ） in Huiyang area. Method We inspected the refraction condition of 3 000 preschoolers in 26 kindergartens over the area of Huiyang from January 2006 to December 2006. Examination items： naked eye distant and near vision test, eye position and the gazing situation. The distant or near vision of naked eye which was less than 1.0 was decided as the abnormal vision. Computer optometry ＋ examing the shade microscopic exam shade ＋ slit lamp fundus examination was perpormed after atropine mydriasis, and on stastistical analysis was made on the data of its vision, refraction condition and gaze status. Results In the 3 000 preschoolers ,576 preschoolers＇s vision was abnormal, accounting for 19.2 % of the total preschoolers：ametropia 555（18.5%） ,congenital eye disease or eyes trauma 21 （ 0. 7% ）, amblyopia 66 （ 2.2 % ）. Thirty-four of the amblyopia children accepted treatment and got better obviously. The number of ametropia included hyperopia 367 （ 66.1% ）, myopia 16 （ 2.9 % ） ,and astigmatism 172 （31.0 % ）. Conclusion The preschool stage is the sensitive time for vision development. It is necessary to have systematic and regular examination in order to find abnormalities earlier and to have timely treatment.