肇庆市端州区中小学校教学环境监测结果分析

目的 全面了解肇庆市端州区中小学校教学环境的卫生状况,为相关部门采取有效措施提供科学依据。方法 以端州区所有中小学校为监测对象,于2015—2019年对学校教室进行教学环境监测,并对监测结果进行评价。结果 共监测学校58所,小学42所,中学16所,监测教室384间,课桌椅3 480套,教室采光系数、窗地比、灯桌间距、黑板尺寸合格率分别为100%、96.55%、95.40%、84.20%;黑板反射比、黑板下缘与讲台地面垂直距离、人均面积、课桌面照度合格率分别为67.82%、48.85%、35.34%、30.75%;课桌椅分配符合率和黑板面照度合格率非常低,分别为0.86%和2.59%。小学与中学的教室人均面积(χ2=36.47,P＜0.001)、黑板尺寸(χ2=10.44,P=0.001)、黑板反射比(χ2=40.85,P＜0.001)合格率差异有统计学意义。结论 端州区中小学校教室采光、教师黑板卫生状况较好,但教室人均面积(特别是小学)、课桌椅分配符合率、教室照明合格率低,亟须进一步整改。

Analysis of monitoring results of teaching environment in primary and secondary schools in Duanzhou District,Zhaoqing City

Objective To understand the hygienic situation of teaching environment in primary and secondary schools in Duanzhou District of Zhaoqing City, so as to provide scientific evidence for relevant departments to take effective measures. Methods Taking all primary and secondary schools in Duanzhou District as the monitoring objects, the teaching environment of school classrooms was monitored from 2015 to 2019, and the monitoring results were evaluated. Results A total of 58 schools, including 42 primary schools and 16 middle schools, with 384 classrooms and 3 480 sets of desks and chairs were monitored. The qualified rates of daylighting coefficient, window to floor ratio, lamp to desk spacing and blackboard size were 100%, 96.55%, 95.40% and 84.20% respectively; the qualified rates of blackboard reflectance ratio, vertical distance between the lower edge of blackboard and the floor of platform, per capita area, and desk illumination were 67.82%, 48.85%, 35.34% and 30.75%, respectively. The coincidence rate of desk and chair distribution and the qualified rate of blackboard illumination were very low, which were 0.86% and 2.59% respectively. There were statistically significant differences between primary and middle schools in the qualified rate of per capita classroom area (χ2=36.47, P<0.001), blackboard size (χ2=10.44, P=0.001), and blackboard reflection ratio (χ2=40.85, P<0.001). Conclusion The lighting of primary and secondary schools in Duanzhou District and the sanitation of teachers' blackboards are good, but the per capita area of classrooms (especially primary schools), the distribution compliance rate of desks and chairs, and the qualified rate of classroom lighting are low, which need to be further rectified.