北京市某区流动人口危害健康行为的现况调查

目的了解流动人口的主要危害健康行为状况,为采取相应干预措施维护其健康提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2007年从北京某城区抽取816名18岁以上在本地居住半年及以上的流动人口进行关于饮食生活行为方式的问卷调查。结果被调查对象90%以上平均每天食用谷类、蔬菜1次以上;49.0%的人平均每天食用肉类1次以上,37.4%的人每周1~6次;约50%的人水产品、奶类摄入每月不足1次甚至几乎不吃;几乎不吃豆制品、蛋类或水果的比例分别为15.8%,12.6%和18.3%。每周食用熏烤类、油炸类、腌菜类和饮料类食物1~6次甚至更多的比例分别为12.5%,23.6%,48.1%和27.6%;9.7%的人不吃早餐,中午和晚上在外就餐的比例分别是33.6%和26.4%;吸烟率为19.2%,男性(48.7%)高于女性(2.1%),差别有统计学意义(P0.05),吸烟者中重度吸烟率为18.5%;现在饮酒率为23.3%,男性(45.3%)高于女性(3.9%),差别有统计学意义(P0.05),其中过量饮酒率为19.7%;久坐少动、身体活动较少、活动充分以及活动活跃的比例分别为15.4%,6.0%,10.4%和68.2%。结论北京市流动人口已经具有危害健康的行为,应开展健康教育,采取有针对性的健康促进干预措施。

Investigation on Health-threatening Behaviors among the Immigrants Living in an Urban District of Beijng

Objective To investigate on health-threatening behaviors among the immigrants living in urban Beijing,China.Methods By using multi-step random sampling procedure,a total of 816 subjects aged over 18 yrs were randomly selected from those who have resided at the place for at least six months without local household registrations.Each participant was invited to complete the questionnaire.Results About over 90% of the participants had consumption of cereals or vegetables more than 1 time per day.49.0% of them had consumption of meats more than 1 time per day and 37.4% between 1-6 times per week.About 50% of the subjects had consumption of fishery products and dairy less than 1 time per mouth,or seldom to eat them.The proportions of those who almost had no eating legume,eggs and fruits were 15.8%,12.6% and 18.3%,respectively.The proportions of those who had consumption of smoked food,deep fried,salted vegetable and beverage more than 1 times per week were 12.5%,23.6%,48.1%,27.6%,respectively.The proportion of breakfast skipping was 9.7%.The proportions of lunch and dinner eating outside were 33.6% and 26.4%,respectively.The smoking rate of the subjects was 19.2%（male 48.7%,female 2.1%,P〈0.05） and 18.5% current smokers were heavy smokers.The current drinking rates was 23.3%（male 45.3%,female 3.9%,P〈0.05） and the heavy drinking rate of current drinkers was 19.7%.The rates of the subjects who were in sedentary,low active,active and very active physical activity were 15.4%,6.0%,10.4% and 68.2%,respectively.Conclusion The floating population in Beijing has had some health risk behaviors.It is urgent to carry out health education and health promotion and implement intervention strategy in order to improve the health of the immigrants.