四川省农村生活饮用水监测结果分析

目的掌握四川省农村生活饮用水基本情况，保护农村群众生活饮用水的水质卫生安全，为农村改水工作提供科学依据。方法按照四川省农村水质监测方案，选取全省农村水质监测40个县的农村饮水监测点调查。并按《生活饮用水卫生标准》对枯、丰水期水质进行检测。结果40个县中，有80．75％的人饮用分散式供水，其中的81．03％饮用地下水，并以机械取水为主的占49．23％；19．25％饮用集中式供水，有64．56％饮用地面水。在调查6059个集中式供水水厂中，有73．18％的水厂饮水未经净化消毒处理，部分消毒处理的只占5．2％；756份水样检测，有55％合格，检测的13项指标中，细菌总数合格率仅为71．5％，枯水期和丰水期水质合格率比较无统计学意义，集中式供水和分散式供水水质合格率比较有统计学意义。结论农村饮水存在微生物超标，有导致肠道传染病暴发流行的安全隐患，政府应加快农村供水设施建设，以保障农村饮水卫生安全。

Monitoring Result of Rural Drinking Water in Sichuan Province

Objective To grasp the basic condition of the rural drinking water in Sichuan Province, to protect the quality and security of rural drinking water in people＇s daily life, and to provide scientific evidence to the evolution of rural drinking water. Method According to the surveillance scheme of rural water quality in Si- chuan Province, Rural drinking, water monitoring sites in 40 counties were investigated and the water quality in the flood time and dry season was detected via the national drinking water standard. Result In 40 counties, 80. 75% parsons drank water form the separate water supply, and in these persons, 81.03% drank the underground water. Among them, 49.23% persons used the mechanical device to get the water. There were 19.25% pesons drinking water from collecting water supply system. 64.25% persons drank the surface water. In the 6 059 collecting water supply factories, 73.18% factories didn＇t handle purification and disinfection to drinking water in their factories, and only 5.2% did a little sterilization to the water. In 756 water samples, 55% of the samples were qualified. In 13 indexes, the microorganism index qualified rate was 71.5%. The qualified rates between the flood time and the dry season had no statistical difference（x2 =0. 1, P 〉 0. 05 ）, and the qualified rates between the Collecting water supply system and separeatc water supply had statistical difference （X2 = 45.9, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The microorganism index o7 the rural water isn＇t qualified in all the samples. There are some latent security problems which can cause the intestinal infectious diseases breaking out and spreading. The government should pay more attention to the devices＇ construction of the rural drinking water supply in order to protect the sanitary and security of the rural drinking water.