江苏省2006-2014年伤害监测系统中头外伤病例特征分析

目的 分析江苏省伤害监测系统收集的头外伤病例特征。方法 收集2006-2014年因伤害首次在江苏省伤害监测哨点医院门/急诊就诊的头外伤病例资料,数据分析采用SPSS 19.0软件。结果 2006-2014年江苏省6家监测医院共报告头外伤133172例,占所有受伤比例的26.2%(133172/509175),男女性别比为2.18:1。头外伤发生的前五位原因分别是跌倒/坠落24.6%(32796例)、钝器伤24.4%(32446例)、机动车车祸20.3%(26993例)、刀/锐器伤10.7%(14183例)和非机动车车祸6.7%(8919例);头外伤高发地点主要是公路/街道32.5%(43262例)、工业和建筑场所22.2%(29526例)、家中20.5%(27295例)及公共居住场所10.8%(14367例);发生时活动主要为休闲活动37.9%(50479例)、驾乘交通工具26.1%(34749例)和有偿工作24.8%(33034例);不同性质的头外伤受伤程度构成不同,轻度伤主要由挫伤和擦伤构成,占63.5%(67929/106912),中度伤病例中,脑震荡、脑挫裂伤21.5%(5119/23803)和骨折14.9%(3554/23803)的比例有一定升高,重度伤主要由脑震荡及脑挫裂伤构成(74.6%,1833/2457);133172例头外伤中78.8%(104940例)的结局是治疗后回家,仅有0.1%(134例)死亡。结论 头外伤在江苏省伤害监测病例中的比例最高,应在伤害防制中引起重视。

Characteristics of head injuries-data from the Jiangsu Injury Surveillance System, 2006-2014

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of head injuries through data gathered from the Jiangsu Injury Surveillance System. Methods Data on head injury that occurred during 2006-2014 were collected from the Jiangsu injury surveillance system and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results From 2006 to 2014, data on 133172 cases of head injuries were collected which accounting for 26.2%(133172/509175) of all the injury cases. Among them, males were 2.18 times higher than the females. The top five leading causes of head injuries were falls 24.6%(32796/133172), blunt force injuries 24.4%(32446/133172), motor car accident injuries 20.3%(26993/133172), knife or sharp force injuries 10.7%(14183/133172) and non-motor car accident injuries 6.7%(8919/133172). Main locations that head injuries occured would involve roads/streets 32.5%(43262/133172), working places 22.2%(29526/133172), at home 20.5%(27925/133172) and public residences 10.8%(14367/133172). Recreation activates 37.9%(50479/133172), driving 26.1%(34749/133172), paid jobs 24.8%(33034/133172) were the three major activities related to head injuries. Severity of injuries would depend on the situations on site. As for minor injuries, bruise accounted for 63.5%(67929/106912). Brain trauma 21.5%(5119/23803) and fracture 14.9%(3554/23803) appeared an increasing trend. Severe injuries would include brain trauma 74.6%(1833/2457). 78.8%(104940/133172) of the patients with head injuries would go home after receiving treatment the hospital, with fetality only as 0.1%(134/133172). Conclusion Data from the Jiangsu surveillance program showed that Head injury appeared the highest proportion among all the body injuries that called for special attention.