NGAL与妊娠相关疾病的研究进展

中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin，NGAL）作为脂质运载蛋白lipocalin家族的新成员，是一种脂肪细胞因子，亦是一种炎症因子。NGAL在机体中参与不同的生理、病理过程，涉及胚胎发育、细胞分化、细胞凋亡、肿瘤的发生及发展、炎症免疫反应、糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗等。妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）及早产等是常见的妊娠相关疾病，其发生、发展与机体的炎症反应、糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗关系密切，这些疾病严重影响妊娠结局和母婴的预后情况。NGAL的生物学功能使其在妊娠期高血压疾病、GDM及早产等妊娠相关疾病中亦发挥重要作用。本文对NGAL及其与妊娠相关疾病的研究进展进行综述。

Research Progress of NGAL and Pregnancy-Related Diseases

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a new member of lipocalin family, is a fatty cytokine or an inflammatory factor. NGAL participates in various physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development, cell differentiation, apoptosis, tumor occurrence and development, inflammatory immune response, glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance. Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and premature birth, three kinds of common pregnancy-related diseases, are closely related to the inflammatory reaction, glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance. These diseases seriously affect the outcome of pregnancy and the prognosis of mothers and infants. It was reported that NGAL also played an important role in pregnancy-related diseases such as hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy, GDM and premature birth. This article will review the research progress of NGAL and pregnancy related diseases.