2013年西安市居民烟草流行状况调查

目的 了解西安市居民的烟草流行状况,为进一步在全市开展控烟工作提供理论依据。 方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在西安城区和农村抽取2 772名15～69岁的调查对象,于2013年10-12月采用《2012年全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》进行入户问卷调查,调查内容包括基本信息、戒烟行为及认知、戒烟史、吸烟环境及对烟草危害认知。采用SPSS 19.0软件分析居民吸烟率、二手烟暴露率人群分布差异及吸烟者戒烟想法和戒烟方式等情况。 结果 西安市居民吸烟率为28.1％,城区、农村分别为24.8%和31.4%,男、女分别为50.6％、6.3％,城乡及性别分布差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);76.2%人群受二手烟危害,其中56.7%人几乎每天接触二手烟,不同社会特征人群除职业和年龄分类二手烟暴露率及暴露频率比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);吸烟人群中有戒烟意愿的仅占51.4%,拨打戒烟热线、咨询戒烟门诊为6.5%和10.4%。 结论 2013年西安市居民吸烟率较高,二手烟暴露严重,吸烟者有戒烟意愿者少,希望寻求专业戒烟帮助的更少,烟草流行情况不容乐观。

Prevalence of tobacco consumption among residents in Xi'an City, 2013

Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of tobacco use among residents in Xi'an City, and to provide a theoretical basis for further conducting tobacco control in the city. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to select 2,772 subjects aged 15-69 years in urban and rural areas of Xi'an City, and then a household survey on general information, smoking cessation behavior and cognition, smoking cessation history, smoking environment and awareness of tobacco hazards was conducted by using the 2012 Chinese National Survey Questionnaire of Health Literacy from October to December in 2013. SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the difference in population distribution between the smoking rate and the second-hand smoke exposure rate. In addition, the smokers’ smoking cessation ideas and ways to quit smoking were statistically described too. Results The smoking rate of residents in Xi'an City was 28.1%. The smoking rates of urban and rural residents were 24.8% and 31.4% respectively, and those of male and female residents were 50.6% and 6.3% respectively, showing statistically significant differences between the urban and rural residents as well as the two genders (both P<0.05). 76.2% of the residents were affected by second-hand smoke, and 56.7% were exposed to second-hand smoke almost every day. There were statistically significant differences in the second-hand smoke exposure rate and the exposure frequency among residents with different social characteristics (all P<0.05) except occupation and age classification. Only 51.4% of the smokers were willing to quit smoking. The residents with telephone counselling for smoking cessation and counselling for quit-smoking clinic accounted for 6.5% and 10.4% respectively. Conclusions The smoking rate of the residents in Xi'an City in 2013 was high, and the second-hand smoke exposure was serious. The smokers had less willingness to quit smoking, and a few of them attempted to seek professional help to quit smoking. Therefore, tobacco epidemic situation was not optimistic.