2019—2021年广西流感监测结果分析

目的 监测2019—2021年广西流感的流行情况，探索新冠疫情爆发前后广西流感的流行规律，为制定今后的流感和新冠防控方案提供科学依据。方法 在广西的17家国家级哨点医院，每日统计流感样病例，对符合条件的流感样病例进行采样，对标本进行流感病毒及新冠病毒核酸检测，并对2019—2021年广西流感监测的病原学检测结果进行统计分析。结果 广西流感监测网络在2019—2021年累计检测流感样病例标本69 604份，流感病毒核酸阳性11 619份，阳性率为16.69%，对流感病毒核酸阳性标本用MDCK细胞和鸡胚进行分离鉴定，共得到3 641株毒株，其中甲型H1N1 706株（19.39%），季节性甲型H3N2 632株（17.36%），B型Victoria系 2 289株（62.87%），乙型Yamagata系14株（0.38%）。2020年4月开始对流感样病例同时进行的新冠病毒核酸检测结果均为阴性。结论 2020年广西流感流行受到了新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情影响，从2、3月开始流感样病例数及流感病毒核酸检出阳性率显著降低，新冠预防措施有效控制了流感病毒的感染率。群体性的社会预防措施，即综合的非药物防控措施可以阻断流感和新冠等呼吸道传染病。

Analysis of influenza surveillance in Guangxi from 2019 to 2021

Objective To monitor the epidemic of influenza in Guangxi from 2019 to 2021 and to explore the epidemic pattern of influenza in Guangxi before and after the outbreak COVID-19, so as to provide reference for the development of future influenza and COVID-19 prevention and control. Methods At 17 national sentinel hospitals in Guangxi, influenza-like cases were counted daily, eligible influenza-like cases were sampled, specimens were tested for influenza virus and nucleic acid of COVID-19, and the pathogenic detection results of influenza surveillance in Guangxi from 2019 to 2021 were statistically analyzed. Results From 2019 to 2021, the Guangxi influenza surveillance network detected a total of 69 604 influenza-like case specimens and 11 619 positive specimens, with a positive rate of 16.69%. In total 3 641 strains were obtained by isolating and identifying influenza virus nucleic acid positive specimens with MDCK cells and chicken embryos, including 706 toxic virus strains influenza A (H1N1) virus, 623 influenza A (H3N2), 2 289 influenza B (Votoria), and 14 influenza B (Yamagata). The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests of these samples were negative since April 2020. Conclusion The influenza epidemic in Guangxi in 2020 was affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, the number of influenza-like cases and the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid detection were significantly reduced from February and March, and the COVID-19 preventive measures effectively controlled the rate of influenza virus infection. Collective social preventive measures, i.e., integrated non-pharmaceutical prevention and control measures, can interrupt respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza and COVID-19.