某钢铁企业接触职业危害人员高血压的流行病学调查

目的了解某钢铁企业接触职业病危害人员高血压病的患病情况，明确预防的重点人群，以采取有效的预防措施。方法对5029名钢铁工人进行血压测量。采用SPSS11．0软件进行χ^2检验。结果高血压患病率为24．62％，高血压前期检出率33．96％，理想血压仅占41．42％；高血压患病率随着年龄和工龄的增长而升高，不同职业危险因素作业人员高血压患病率各有差异，噪声组最高，占30．08％；高温组次之，占22．17％。与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01，或P〈0．05）。结论该钢铁企业接触职业有害因素的工人高血压患病率较高，在钢铁工人中开展高血压知识和健康普及教育，建立定期职业健康检查制度，做到高血压病的早发现、早干预，是预防和治疗高血压的关键。

Epidemiological investigation on Hypertension of Workers with Occupational Hazards Exposure in A Iron and Steel Enterprise

Objective ] To understand the prevalence of hypertension among workers with occupational hazards, exposure in an iron and steel enterprise, to define a focus on prevention groups so as to take effective preventive measures. Methods] Blood pressure of 5029 steelworkers were measured, SPSS 11.0 was adoiS.ted to conduct χ2 test. Results ] The prevalence of hypertension was 24. 62%, the detection rate of prehypertension was 33.96% , only 41.42% had the ideal blood pressure; the prevalence of hypertension increased with the growing age and extending length of service; the.prevalence of hypertension was different among workers exposed to different occupational hazards, noise group was the major, accounting for 30.08% ; followed by high-temperature group, accounting for 22.17%. Compared with control group, the difference was significant（ P 〈 0.1, or P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion] The prevalence of hypertension among iron and steel workers is relatively high. The keys to prevent and treat hypertension are widespread educational propaganda of health and hypertension knowledge, establishment of periodic occupational health examination system, early discovery. and early intervention.