食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的肠毒素检测及耐药性

目的了解食品中金黄色葡萄球菌对药物的敏感性及产肠毒素的情况,对食物中毒检测提供理论依据和指导临床用药。方法药物敏感性试验采用1997年美国NCCLS药敏试验(纸片法)方法进行,用反向被动乳胶凝集试验检测肠毒素。结果金黄色葡萄球菌除对万古霉素、替考拉宁敏感外,对其余10种存在不同程度的耐药;金黄色葡萄球菌产肠毒素总检出率为38%,其中A型为25%,C型为12.5%,其次为D型为5%,E型为2.5%,B型未检出。结论检测食物中毒及食品样品中的金黄色葡萄球菌时,应考虑肠毒素的检测;临床治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染,应建立在体外药敏试验的基础上,有针对性地选择抗菌药物。

Enterotoxin and Drug Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus in Food

Objective] To learn the drug resistance and enterotoxin of staphylococcus aureus in food and provide theoretical basis for detecting food poisoning.Methods] Paper disk method formulated by NCCLS in 1997 and reversed passive latex agglutination(PRLA) were applied to detect the drug sensitivity and enterotoxin respectively.Results] All Staphylococcus aureus strains were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin,while resistant to other 10 drugs in different degrees.The total detection rate of enterotoxin was 38%,25% of which belonged to type A,12.5%,5% and 2.5% belonged to type C,type D and type E respectively;no type B was detected.Conclusion] Enterotoxin should be taken into consideration while detecting staphylococcus aureus in food poisoning.Clinical treatment for staphylococcus aureus infection should be based on drug sensitivity test in vitro;antibiotics should be chosen with care.