福建省三明市社区居民健康素养促进行动实施效果评价

目的 评价福建省三明市社区居民健康素养促进行动实施效果,为探索健康素养干预方式提供有效依据.方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取三明市社区居民450人进行健康素养促进行动干预.干预前后应用 《2009中国公民健康素养调查问卷》调查并进行数据比较.结果 在健康理念和基本知识方面,“健康成年人一次献血200 ml对健康无害”、“成年人正常脉搏、体温”和“肺结核病人可以享受免费抗结核药物治疗”等问题,在实施强化干预后答对率从58％以下提高到78％以上,提高达20％以上.在生活方式与行为判断情况方面,干预后均有不同程度的提高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中以“发现有人煤气中毒时的正确做法”答对率最高,达91.28％；有6项内容在干预后行为形成率仍在60％以下,以“不与他人共用毛巾”为最低,仅30％.结论 开展健康素养促进行动能够有效提高居民的健康素养水平,应总结示范点经验,因地制宜,逐步扩大干预范围,实施更为高效的干预策略,最终达到提高公众健康素养的目标.

Effect evaluation on community health literacy promotion action in Sanming City, Fujian Province

Objective To evaluate community health literacy promotion action in Sanming City, Fujian Province, and provide valid basis for exploring health literacy interventions. Methods Multi-staged cluster random sampling method was used and 450 subjects were sampled to join in community health literacy promotion action. 2009 Chinese Citizens＇ Health Literacy Questionnaire Surveys were carried out before and after intervention. Results On health concepts and basic knowledge, awareness rates of ＂blood donation for 200 ml once is not harm to health adults＂, ＂normal pulse rate, temperature of adults＂, and ＂free anti-TB drug treatment for tuberculosis patients＂ were increased from under 58% to above 78%. Prevalence of lifestyles and behaviors were improved after intervention and difference was statistical signifi- candy （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The correct answer rate of ＂correct practice when found gas poisoning＂ （ multiple choices） was up to 91.28%. Prevalence rates of 6 items were under 60% after intervention, and rate of ＂not share towel with other people＂ was lowest, only 30%. Conclusion Community health literacy promotion action is help for improving residents＇ health literacy level, and the experience of the demonstration sites should be summarized. More effective intervention strategies should be implemented according to local conditions and gradually expanded the scope of intervention to achieve the goal of improving public health literacy.