沈阳市沈河区2~6岁儿童感觉统合失调的影响因素研究

【目的】 了解2~6岁儿童感觉统合失调(sensory integration dysfunction,SID)现状及其主要影响因素,为早期预防和干预提供依据。 【方法】 选择沈阳市沈河区3所幼儿园530名2~6岁儿童为研究对象,采用标准化儿童感觉统合评定量表以及自行设计的影响因素调查表对其家长进行问卷调查。 【结果】 儿童SID检出率为40.9%,轻、重度分别为28.5%和12.4%。男童45.0%,女童36.4%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05 ) 。各年龄组间的SID检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05 ) 。非条件Logistic回归分析显示,亲子交流良好、母亲生育年龄高可能是SID的保护因素(OR分别为0.21、0.34,P＜0.05)。收入过高、出生时有异常情况、幼儿期过敏可能是SID的危险因素(OR分别为1.99、1.82、1.84,P＜0.05)。出生6个月内人工喂养是本体觉统合功能失调的危险因素(OR=5.90,P＜0.05)。 【结论】 2~6岁儿童SID率较高。家庭情况、围生期健康因素可能对感觉统合功能的发育具有一定的影响。

Study on the status of sensory integration dysfunction and influencing factors in the children aged 2~6 years old

【Objective】 To learn the status of the sensory integration dysfunction(SID) and its influencing factors of children from 2 to 6 years old,and to provide the evidence for early intervention.【Methods】 The total 530 children aged 2 to 6 years old from 3 kindergartens in Shenhe district were investigated with standardization sensory integrative scale and self-designed influencing factors questionnaire,which were filled in by their parents.【Results】 The total prevalence of SID was 40.9%.The prevalences of mild and serve SID were 28.5% and 12.4 %,respectively.The prevalences of SID between boy and girl were different,45.0% in boy and 36.4% in girl(P<0.05).No significant difference was found among prevalences of SID by age groups.With unconditioned Logistic Regression analysis,the main protecting factors of SID were good parent-child communication and later maternal childbearing age(OR was 0.21 and 0.34,P<0.05,respectively).However,the main risk factors were high income,birth disorders and children allergic condition(OR was 1.99,1.82 and 1.84,P<0.05,respectively).Remarkably,artificial feeding in the first six months was the high risk factor of proprioception integration dysfunction(OR=5.90,P<0.05).【Conclusions】 The prevalence of SID is high in children aged 2 to 6 years.Family environment,perinatal situation may influence development of sensory integration.