海南省0～6岁儿童孤独症谱系障碍的现况调查

目的 了解海南省0～6岁儿童孤独症谱系障碍的患病率、分布情况及差异。方法 抽查海南省18个市县0～6岁儿童37 862人,采用“儿童发育问题预警征象”调查表进行筛查,专科医师进行临床诊断。结果 海南省37 862名0～6岁儿童中诊断出235名孤独症儿童,孤独症患病率为6.2‰,其中男生为9.9‰,女生为1.7‰,性别差异具有显著统计学意义(χ²=101.91,P<0.001);不同年龄组儿童孤独症患病率差异有统计学意义(χ²=288.62,P<0.001),年龄越高孤独症患病率越高;城市显著高于其他地区(χ²=114.77,P<0.001)。结论 海南省0～6岁儿童孤独症谱系障碍的患病率居国内较高水平;且确诊年龄较大,需提高孤独症的早期诊断率。

Epidemiological investigation of children with autism spectrum disorders from 0 to 6 years old in Hainan province

Objective To describe the prevalence,distribution and difference of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) at the age of 0 to 6 years old in Hainan province. Methods Totally 37 862 children aged 0～6 years were selected from 18 different cities and counties in Hainan province,and were screened by the "Child Development Issues Warning Signs" questionnaire,diagnosed by clinical specialists. Results A total of 235 children were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders from 37 862 children aged 0 to 6 years,and the ASD prevalence was 0.62%.The difference on ASD prevalence between boys (0.99%) and girls (0.17%) were statistically significant (χ²=101.91,P<0.001).The older children had higher prevalence of ASD with signficant difference (χ²=288.62,P<0.01).Also,the autism rate in urban areas was significantly higher than that in other regions (χ²=114.77,P<0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of ASD in children aged 0~6 in Hainan province is high in the domestic and children are diagnosed with ASD at their older age.So it is urgently needed to improve the early diagnosis rate.