女大学生月经初潮年龄与高血压前期的相关性

  目的  探讨女性大学生月经初潮年龄与高血压前期的关系，为大学生高血压及心血管疾病的早期预防提供科学依据。  方法  通过分层整群随机抽样方式，选取江汉大学558名在校女大学生，收集月经初潮年龄信息，测量体重、身高及血压，计算体质量指数(BMI)，比较不同月经初潮年龄受试者的血压状态，探讨月经初潮年龄对血压的影响。  结果  大学女生平均月经初潮年龄为(12.48±0.95)岁，高血压前期检出率为17.56%(98名); 月经初潮年龄8~11，12，13，14，15~19岁，高血压前期检出率分别为30.95%，10.00%，17.31%，10.81%，31.58%，呈近似U型分布趋势，12岁女生检出率最低，13及14岁组高血压前期发生率与12岁组差异无统计学意义，而8~11岁组或15~19岁组发生高血压前期的风险大于12岁组(OR值分别为4.03，4.15，P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  月经初潮年龄过早或过晚均与血压偏高相关，对于初潮年龄过早且肥胖的女生进行适当干预可能有益于降低未来高血压的发生。

Association between age at menarche and prehypertension in female college students

  Objective  To explore the correlation of age at menarche and prehypertension in female college students.  Methods  Age at menarche of 558 female college students was collected, while blood pressure, height and weight were measured, and body mass index(BMI) was calculated.  Results  Average age at menarche was (12.48±0.95) years, prevalence of prehypertension was 17.56% (98/558). The age of menarche was 8-11, 12, 13, 14, 15-19, and the prevalence of hypertension was 30.95%, 10.00%, 17.31%, 10.81%, 31.58% respectively, U-shape association was observed in the association between prehypertension with age at menarche, lowest when age at menarche was < 12 years. There was no significant difference in prehypertension between age at menarche was 13, 14 years old with 12-year-old group, those age at menarche 8-11 or 15-19 had a significantly higher risk of developing prehypertension than those 12-year-old(OR=4.03, 4.15, P < 0.05).  Conclusion   Early or late menarche is associated with high blood pressure, appropriate intervention for girls with early menarche and obesity may be beneficial in reducing their future hypertension.