广州市中学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素分析

  目的  了解广州市中学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素，为制定脊柱侧弯行为干预措施提供依据。  方法  采取分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取广州市城郊共8所中学2 121名中学生开展脊柱侧弯筛查和问卷调查。  结果  广州市中学生脊柱侧弯检出率为8.20%，女生(9.50%)高于男生(7.00%)，城区(10.45%)高于郊区(4.77%)，高中生(10.08%)高于初中生(6.39%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为4.40，21.76，9.54，P值均＜0.05)。检出阳性的174名中学生中，胸段侧弯最多(65例)，右凸略多于左凸，中度侧弯女生明显多于男生。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，城区(OR=2.56，95%CI=1.71~3.82)、每天使用移动电子设备时间≥3 h(OR=1.59，95%CI=1.12~2.27)、近距离用眼≥1 h休息一次(OR=1.40，95%CI=1.00~1.95)、每天户外活动时间＜2 h(OR=1.82，95%CI=1.24~2.67)的中学生脊柱侧弯检出率较高(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  广州市中学生脊柱侧弯检出率较高，与地区、每天使用移动电子设备时间、近距离持续用眼时间、每天户外活动时间有关，应加强脊柱健康知识宣教。

Scoliosis and associated factors among middle school students in Guangzhou City

  Objective  To investigate the general situation of scoliosis and influencing factors among middle school students in Guangzhou, so as to provide evidence for behavioral intervention measures.  Methods  By stratified cluster random sampling method, 2 121 students from 8 middle schools of Guangzhou were selected to conduct questionnaire survey and physical examination.  Results  The detection rate of scoliosis among middle school students in Guangzhou was 8.20%, girls (9.50%) > boys (7.00%), urban area (10.45%) > suburb area (4.77%), senior high school (10.08%) > junior school (6.39%) (P < 0.05). Among the most of the 174 positive students were found to have large thoracic curve, right lateral bending, being girls with medium scoliosis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that students in urban area (OR=2.56, 95%CI=1.71-3.82), with mobile electronic devices usage time≥3 h/d(OR=1.59, 95%CI=1.12-2.27), prolonged near vision work ≥1 h (OR=1.40, 95%CI=1.00-1.95), outdoor activity time < 2 h/d(OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.24-2.67) had a higher detection rate of scoliosis (P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The detection rate of scoliosis among middle school students in Guangzhou is much higher, which might be related to district, mobile electronic devices usage, prolonged near vision work and insufficient outdoor activity. Health education regarding spinal knowledge should be strengthened.