疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表的初步编制及信度和效度分析

  目的   编制疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表，并检验其信效度。
  方法   通过质性访谈结合文献和已有量表形成条目池，经课题组逐条讨论形成初始量表。选取临床在职护士进行量表的测试，第一次测试数据（n = 369）进行项目分析（使用了极端值法、相关系数法和内部一致性分析）和探索性因素分析（主成分最大变异法），第二次测试数据（n = 851）进行验证性因素分析（构建结构方程模型）和信度检验。
  结果   疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表共保留70个条目，包含11个维度:工作要求、领导特点、经济因素、同事关系、职业发展、角色要求、个性特点、医护关系、医院环境、护患关系、家庭因素。各条目因素负荷量在0.536 ~ 0.821之间，累积方差贡献率为75.997%。验证性因素分析结果表明量表建构拟合度良好（χ2/df = 2.348，RMR = 0.029，RMSEA = 0.040，CFI = 0.950，TLI = 0.947，PGFI = 0.767）。总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.982，11个维度的Cronbach’s α系数在0.774 ~ 0.968之间。
  结论   疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表具有良好的信度和效度，可用于测量常态化防控期间护士的工作压力水平。

Developm ent of nurses' work stressors scale used in regular period of epidemic prevention and control

  Objective   To develop a scale of nurses' work stressor used in the regular period of epidemic prevention and control and test its reliability and validity.   Methods   The items pool was formed through qualitative interview, available literature and scales, and the initial scale was formed through item by item discussion by the research group. Clinical in - service nurses were selected to test the proposed scale. The first test data(n = 369) were used for item analysis(by extreme value method, correlation coefficient method and internal consistency analysis) and exploratory factor analysis (by principal component maximum variation method), and the second test data (n = 851) were used for confirmatory factor analysis(by construction of structural equation model) and reliability test.   Results   The nurses' work stressors scale used in regular period of epidemic prevention and control retained 11 dimensions including 70 items, namely job requirements, leadership characteristic, economic factors, colleague relation, career development, role requirements, personality characteristic, nurse-physician relationship, hospital environment, nurse-patient relationship and family factors. The factor loading of each item was between 0.536-0.821, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.997%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale model fitted well(χ2/df = 2.348, RMR = 0.029, RMSEA = 0.040, CFI = 0.950, TLI = 0.947, PGFI = 0.767). The Cronbach' alpha coefficient of the total scale was 0.982, and the alpha coefficients of the 11 dimensions were between 0.774 - 0.968.   Conclusions   The nurses' work stressors scale used in regular period of epidemic prevention and control had a good reliability and validity, and could be used to measure the work stress level of nurses in regular period of epidemic prevention and control.