兰州市三甲医院临床护士灾害认知及灾害护理能力调查

  目的  了解临床护士灾害认知及灾害护理能力现状，为临床护士灾害护理继续教育提供参考依据。
  方法  用便利抽样法，以网络问卷的形式对兰州市4所三甲医院临床护士的灾害认知及灾害护理能力现状进行调查，并对灾害护理能力的影响因素进行分析。
  结果  共收到合格问卷285份。临床护士对灾害认知量表 6个条目的认知水平差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01），其中“平时关注灾害”和“灾害护理了解”两个条目的认知水平较低；男护士、急诊科及妇儿产科护士、护龄≥ 21年的护士、有救灾经历和培训经历的护士灾害认知水平较高（P < 0.05）。临床护士灾害护理能力各维度总均分（104.88 ±27.91）分，条目均分（2.67 ±0.73）分，不同维度条目均分差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01），最高的维度为灾害现场护理技能（2.89 ±0.77）分，最低的维度为灾害护理专业发展（2.47 ±0.86）分。多元线性回归分析结果显示:相比大学专科学历护士，研究生学历护士灾害护理能力较低（P < 0.05）；相比急诊科护士，内科及外科护士灾害护理能力较低（P < 0.05）；相比“非常了解灾害护理”条目的护士，“几乎不”和“很少”了解的护士灾害护理能力较低（P < 0.05）；有灾害救援及培训经历的临床护士灾害护理能力高于无经历的护士（均P < 0.05）。
  结论  兰州市三甲医院临床护士灾害认知水平较低，灾害护理能力水平处于中等偏下水平。应加强临床护士的灾害认知及灾害护理能力培养。

Investigation on cognition and ability of disaster nursing of clinical nurses in thirdclass hospitals of Lanzhou

Objective To explore the current situation of disaster cognition and disaster nursing ability of clinical nurses,and to provide reference for the continuous education of disaster nursing of clinical nurses. Methods By convenient sampling method,the disaster cognition and disaster nursing abilities of clinical nurses in four third-class hospitals of Lanzhou City were investigated in the form of network questionnaire,and the influencing factors of disaster nursing abilities were analyzed. Results Totally 285 qualified questionnaires were received. There were significant differences in the cognitive levels of the six items of the disaster cognition scale among clinical nurses(P < 0.01),and the cognitive levels of the two items of "usually pay attention to disasters "and "disaster nursing understanding "were the lowest. Male nurses,nurses in emergency and maternity department,nurses with professional working time ≥ 21 years,nurses with disaster assistance experience and nurses with disaster nursing training experience had relatively higher cognition levels(P < 0.05).The total average score of each dimension of disaster nursing ability of clinical nurses was 104.88 ± 27.91, and the average score of items was 2.67 ± 0.73. The average score of different dimensions was statistically significant(P < 0.01).The highest dimension was disaster scene nursing skills,and the lowest dimension was disaster nursing professional development,with the average score of items being 2.47 ± 0.86. The multiple linear regression showed that the disaster nursing ability of nurses with master degree was lower compared with junior college degree nurses(P < 0.05),the disaster nursing ability of internal medicine and surgery nurses was lower compared with emergency department nurses(P < 0.05),and the nurses having "almost no" and "little" awareness of disaster nursing had the lower disaster nursing ability compared with the nurses having disaster nursing awareness(P < 0.05). Disaster assistance and training experience had a positive effect on the disaster nursing ability of clinical nurses(P < 0.05). Conclusions The level of disaster cognition of clinical nurses was low,and the level of disaster nursing ability was at the lower middle level. The disaster cognition and the disaster nursing ability training of clinical nurses should be strengthened.