早产儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的预防及护理

目的探索早产儿呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的预防护理措施对降低VAP的发生率及缩短早产儿的撤机和住院时间的影响。方法选取广东省中山市人民医院2017年1月-2019年9月收治的接受有创机械通气治疗的早产儿120例为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各60例,对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上采用预防护理干预,比较两组的VAP发生率、机械通气时间和住院时间。结果观察组患儿的VAP发生率为3.33%,低于对照组的15.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的机械通气时间和住院时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论预防护理干预在早产儿机械通气中应用,有利于预防VAP的发生,缩短机械通气时间,促进患儿早日康复出院,有临床推广应用价值。

Prevention and nursing of ventilator-associated pneumonia in premature infants

Objective To explore the effect of preventive nursing measures of premature infants with ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) to reduce the incidence of VAP and shorten the weaning and hospitalization time of premature infants.Methods One hundred and twenty cases of premature infants treated with invasive mechanical ventilation in Zhongshan People’s Hospital of Guangdong Province from January 2017 to September 2019 were selected as the research objects and divided into observation group and control group with 60 cases in each group,according to random number table method.The control group received routine nursing intervention,and the observation group received preventive nursing intervention on this basis.The incidence of VAP,mechanical ventilation time and hospitalization time of the two groups were compared.Results The incidence of VAP in the observation group was 3.33%,lower than 15.00% of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the mechanical ventilation time and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion The application of preventive nursing intervention in the mechanical ventilation of premature infants was beneficial to prevent the occurrence of VAP,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation,promote the early recovery and discharge of children,and had the value of clinical popularization and application.