恩施州某农村留守儿童伤害综合干预效果评价

目的 探讨综合措施对农村留守儿童伤害干预的效果，为减少农村留守儿童伤害提供依据。方法 分层整群抽取恩施某乡镇6所中小学校的3~5年级和7~8年级的留守儿童，以学校为单位随机分为干预组和对照组。对干预组留守儿童开展为期一年的伤害综合干预活动，对照组不进行干预，在干预前后分别进行问卷调查来评价综合干预效果。结果 一年后，干预组留守儿童知识得分为（11.53±1.56）分，高于对照组（11.07±2.30）分，差异有统计学意义（t=3.540，P<0.001）；不安全行为得分为（2.64±1.79）分，低于对照组留守儿童（3.48±1.78）分，差异有统计学意义（t=7.070，P<0.001）；有11项指标的知晓率提高，有2项不安全行为的发生率降低，差异均有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）；伤害发生率由23.53%降低至11.69%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=23.127，P<0.001）。结论 综合干预可以降低农村留守儿童伤害发生率，是预防留守儿童伤害的有效途径。

Effectiveness evaluation of comprehensive intervention about injury among the left-behind children in rural area of Enshi

Objective To explore the effectiveness of comprehensive intervention about injury and provide evidence for eliminating injury among the left-behind children in rural area. Methods Left-behind children were recruited from grades 3-5 in 3 primary schools and grades 7-8 in 3 secondary schools of rural Enshi by stratified and cluster sampling and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group by school. The intervention group was given comprehensive intervention for 1 year, while the control group without any interventions. Before and after the intervention, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the two groups. Results After 1 year, the score of injury knowledge in the intervention group (11.53±1.56) were higher than that of the control group (11.07±2.30), respectively(t=3.540,P<0.001). The score of unsafe behavior in the intervention group (2.64±1.79)were lower than that of the control group (3.48± 1.78), respectively(t=7.070,P<0.001). Awareness rates about 11 indicators of the intervention group were higher and incidence rates about 2 unsafe behaviors of the intervention group were lower than before intervention, and all the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The incidence rate of injury in the intervention group decreased from 23.53% to 11.69% and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=23.127,P<0.001). Conclusions Comprehensive intervention can reduce the incidence rate of injury, which is an effective measure for injury control among the left-behind children.